Effect of Plasma On-Time with a Fixed Duty Ratio on Reactive Species in Plasma-Treated Medium and Its Significance in Biological Applications

Abstract

Optimizing the therapeutic range of nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) for biomedical applications is an active research topic. For the first time, we examined the effect of plasma on-times in this study while keeping the duty ratio and treatment time fixed. We have evaluated the electrical, optical, and soft jet properties for two different duty ratios of 10% and 36%, using the plasma on-times of 25, 50, 75, and 100 ms. Furthermore, the influence of plasma on-time on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) levels in plasma treated medium (PTM) was also investigated. Following treatment, the characteristics of (DMEM media) and PTM (pH, EC, and ORP) were also examined. While EC and ORP rose by raising plasma on-time, pH remained unchanged. Finally, the PTM was used to observe the cell viability and ATP levels in U87-MG brain cancer cells. We found it interesting that, by increasing the plasma on-time, the levels of ROS/RNS dramatically increased in PTM and significantly affected the viability and ATP levels of the U87-MG cell line. The results of this study provide a significant indication of advancement by introducing the optimization of plasma on-time to increase the efficacy of the soft plasma jet for biomedical applications.

Comparative assessment of UV-C radiation and non-thermal plasma for inactivation of foodborne fungal spores suspension in vitro

“…34,65,67,68 Simultaneously, some studies revealed that NTP either reduced the production of aflatoxin B1 (ref. 67 and 69) or reported the high efficacy of NTP in removing fungal mycotoxins. 70 The varying effectiveness of NTP on different fungal representatives may be linked to their robust polysaccharide cell walls, providing protection against environmental stress.…”

Influence of duty cycle on the physicochemical characteristics of an AC-driven argon plasma jet and its impact on hydrogen peroxide production and cell viability

“…Compared to the only other previously reported duty cycle study of an AC-driven plasma jet [75], this study considered a broader range of duty cycles (9-72)% compared to (9-14)%. However, in [57], experiments could also be performed by adjusting time-on whilst maintaining a fixed duty cycle. This is important because it enables the duty cycle to look into the effect of time-on period.…”

“…What is perhaps a little more surprising is that in comparison, there remains a paucity of information on the benefits of controlling duty cycle in ACdriven plasma jets. To date, very few studies have investigated how duty cycle can be used to optimize AC-driven plasma jets for medical applications [57]. Therefore, this paper sets out to provide further insights into the potential benefits of duty cycle regulated AC-driven plasma jets.…”

Low-Temperature Plasma Techniques in Biomedical Applications and Therapeutics: An Overview

“…The biological effects are influenced by RONS levels, which are directly impacted by plasma. Mumtaz et al [ 104 ] assessed the plasma on-times of 25, 50, 75, and 100 ms in order to assess the electrical, optical, and soft jet features for two distinct duty ratios: 10% and 36%. By incorporating the optimization of plasma on-time to boost the soft plasma jet’s efficacy for biomedical applications, the study’s outcomes offer a noteworthy signal of development [ 104 ].…”

“…Mumtaz et al [ 104 ] assessed the plasma on-times of 25, 50, 75, and 100 ms in order to assess the electrical, optical, and soft jet features for two distinct duty ratios: 10% and 36%. By incorporating the optimization of plasma on-time to boost the soft plasma jet’s efficacy for biomedical applications, the study’s outcomes offer a noteworthy signal of development [ 104 ]. Canady Helios Cold Plasma (CHCP) is a comparatively new and safe LTP device that can selectively induce cancer cell death.…”