Effect of Plasma Membrane Lipid Composition on Cellular Susceptibility to Virus-induced Cell Fusion

Poste, George; Reeve, P.; Alexander, D. J.; Terry, George

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-17-1-133

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…In apparent disagreement with the results of this investigation, virus-mediated cell fusion is unaffected by wide changes in Chol/PL ratio (49). In contrast with both results, Hope et al (50) found that high Chol/PL levels stimulate hen erythrocyte fusion after treatment' with fusigenic agents.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Studies on the mechanism of capacitation: albumin-mediated changes in plasma membrane lipids during in vitro incubation of rat sperm cells.

Davis¹,

Byrne²,

Bedigian³

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

145

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Plasma membrane isolated from rat sperm cells after incubation in vitro had a significantly lower cholesterol/phospholipid mole ratio when the medium contained serum albumin. Transfer of albumin-bound phospholipids to the membrane can largely account for this effect. The result is broadly consistent with a previously proposed model for albumin-induced destabilization of sperm membrane (capacitation) and its reversal by seminal plasma membrane vesicles. Albumin also decreased sialic acid and, more specifically, ganglioside levels, presumably by promoting release of sperm neuraminidase. Cholesteryl ester comprised up to 0.5 mol/mol of cholesterol in these plasma mem rane preparations. Mammalian sperm cells can express fertilizing capacity after incubation in vitro for an interval of usually a few hours in a chemically defined medium containing serum albumin (1-6). Although the molecular changes underlying transformation to a capacitated state are unclear, albumin specifically facilitates this process (4). Substantial changes in sperm plasma membrane proteins accompany incubation with albumin (7); however, they seem to involve proteolysis after the acrosome reaction. A clue that lipid binding by albumin might be involved in its ability to promote capacitation was provided by the observation that presaturation of the protein with cholesterolt abolished this capability (4). In view of this finding and the discovery that cholesterol-bearing decapitation factor (DF) vesicles from seminal plasma and synthetic vesicles containing the sterol block capacitation in rabbit and rat spermatozoa (8-12), changes in the lipid bilayer of the sperm plasma membrane seem to be necessary for expression of fertilizing capacity.One interpretation of these observations is that albumin decreases the cholesterol/phospholipid (Chol/PL) ratio in the sperm plasma membrane (13). Spectroscopic data reveal that cholesterol restricts the thermal motion of fatty acid chains in a phospholipid bilayer above the gel-to-liquid transition temperature (14-16), and this causes a "condensation effect" and decreases permeability (17). An increase in bilayer microviscosity evidently accounts for the inhibit'ry effect of cholesterol on fusion between plasma membranes of cultured muscle cells (18) and synthetic phospholipid membranes (19). Decreasing the Chol/PL ratio in sperm plasma mqmbrane, therefore, may be anticipated to promote fusion with the outer acrosomal membrane; this intracellular fusion occurring in the acrosome reaction is a precondition for mammalian fertilization (20). A vesicle-induced reversal of this putative change in the plasma membrane Chol/PL ratio might account for the ability of these vesicles to inhibit spermatozoan fertilizing capacity reversibly (11,12).To test this idea, plasma membrane preparations isolated from rat spermatozoa after incubation in vitro were partially characterized with respect to their lipid composition. It was anticipated bovine serum albumin would decrease the Chol/PL ratio in sperm plasma membrane i...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Studies on the mechanism of capacitation: albumin-mediated changes in plasma membrane lipids during in vitro incubation of rat sperm cells.

Davis¹,

Byrne²,

Bedigian³

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

145

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“…1) confirm and extend previous data on the lack of involvement of lysophosphatidylcholine in the fusion of baby-hamster kidney cells by SV5 virus (Elsbach et al, 1969) or of rabbit kidney cells by herpes simplex virus (Falke et al, 1967). Whether variations in gross lipid composition do (Klenk & Choppin, 1970 a,b) or do not (Poste et al, 1972) affect susceptibility of different cells to fusion is another matter. Of course the number ofmolecules involved may be rather small (cf.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The biochemistry of virus-induced cell fusion. Changes in membrane integrity

Pasternak

Micklem

1974

Biochemical Journal

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1. Phospholipids prelabelled with [(14)C]acetate, [(32)P]phosphate, [(3)H]- or [(14)C]-choline or [(3)H]inositol are not significantly degraded during fusion of Lettrée cells mediated by Sendai virus, nor are carbohydrates prelabelled with [(3)H]fucose, [(14)C]galactose or [(3)H]glucosamine. Less than 1nmol of lysophosphatidylcholine/10(7) cells is formed during fusion. Diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate, which inhibits phospholipase A by more than 95% has no effect on fusion. It is concluded that none of the events leading to cell fusion is accompanied by significant turnover of phospholipids or other membrane components. 2. Intracellular K(+) leaks out during virally mediated cell fusion; the loss is not as extensive as that of intracellularly accumulated choline or deoxyglucose. Movement of Ca(2+) into or out of cells could not be detected. 3. At concentrations of Lettrée cells insufficient to be agglutinated by virus, intracellularly accumulated choline and deoxyglucose leak out. Agglutination caused by concanavalin A does not result in leakage of intracellular metabolites. 4. P815Y cells, which agglutinate but do not fuse in the presence of virus, show leakage of intracellularly accumulated metabolites. The extent of leakage does not alter during the G(1) and S periods of the cell cycle. 5. Leakage is inhibited by Ca(2+), but is unaffected by EDTA. 6. It is concluded that the interaction of Sendai virus with mammalian cells causes a weakening of membrane integrity so that intracellular metabolites leak out. Such destabilization may facilitate viral entry and is therefore an interesting system for further biochemical studies.

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“…Third, the amount of cholesterol that is present in eukaryotic cells is much higher than the amount of trans-unsaturated lipids. Whereas the molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipids in the plasma membrane of HeLa cells is 1.05, [9] the fraction of trans-unsaturated fatty acids is only a few percent of the total pool of fatty acids in cell membranes and tissues. [10,11] This makes it much more likely that cholesterol or its esters rather than transunsaturated lipids contribute to a Raman spectrum recorded in single cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol esters are detected by Raman microspectroscopy in HeLa cells

Manen

Otto

2008

J Raman Spectroscopy

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The detection of trans-unsaturated lipids in single HeLa cells by Raman microspectroscopy was recently reported in this journal by Onogi et al. Based on our previously published Raman microspectroscopy data of individual macrophage foam cells, a detailed comparison between our spectra and spectrum reported by Onogi et al., and the reported literature spectrum of cholesterol oleate, we here provide evidence that cholesterol esters instead of trans-unsaturated lipids have been detected by Onogi et al.

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Effect of Plasma Membrane Lipid Composition on Cellular Susceptibility to Virus-induced Cell Fusion

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Studies on the mechanism of capacitation: albumin-mediated changes in plasma membrane lipids during in vitro incubation of rat sperm cells.

Studies on the mechanism of capacitation: albumin-mediated changes in plasma membrane lipids during in vitro incubation of rat sperm cells.

The biochemistry of virus-induced cell fusion. Changes in membrane integrity

Cholesterol esters are detected by Raman microspectroscopy in HeLa cells

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