Effect of Placental Fatty Acid Metabolism and Regulation by Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor on Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes

Xu, Yan; Wang, Qing; Cook, Thomas J.; Knipp, Gregory T.

doi:10.1002/jps.20973

Cited by 55 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 175 publications

(269 reference statements)

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“…This effect was characterized by an increased expression of genes encoding fatty acid transporters (FATP1 and FATP2) and a fat droplet associated protein, adipophilin [81,106]. There are also reports suggesting a possible role of PPARs in the regulation of proteins involved in placental fatty acid/lipids metabolism such as cytochrome P450 4A (CYP4A), cyclooxygenases and lipooxygenases (LOX) [105].…”

Section: Ppars In the Placentamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transfer of fatty acids from the mother to the fetus is absolutely necessary for a proper embryo development, implantation, placenta development, and pregnancy maintenance [103,104]. Various proteins engaged in fatty acid binding, transport, b-oxidation and lipid accumulation are expressed in the placental tissue [105]. It has been suggested that the absence of PPARg or PPARb might lead to the defects of placenta and fetus development due to an impaired placental/fetal fatty acid homeostasis [10].…”

Section: Ppars In the Placentamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the regulation of female reproductive functions

Bogacka

Kurzyńska

Bogacki

et al. 2015

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor family. In the past decade, numerous studies have revealed the presence and significance of PPARs in the reproductive system. PPARs are expressed at different levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. They are also present in the uterus as well as in the placenta and embryonic tissues of different species. PPARs significance has been reported during the estrous/menstrual cycle and pregnancy with the gamma isoform studied most frequently. Several studies indicate that PPARs regulate proliferation of ovarian cells, tissue remodeling and steroidogenesis. In the endometrium, PPARs are engaged in the regulation of prostaglandins, steroids and cytokines synthesis. The role of PPARs in the trophoblast differentiation, maturation and invasion as well as in the embryo development has also been demonstrated. In this review, we summarize current findings concerning the role of PPARs in the regulation of reproductive functions at different levels of the HPG axis during various physiological statuses of females. In addition, the role of PPARs in the modulation of uterine functions as well as the placenta and embryo development has also been discussed.

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Section: Ppars In the Placentamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ppars In the Placentamentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the regulation of female reproductive functions

Bogacka

Kurzyńska

Bogacki

et al. 2015

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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“…There is little evidence of PPAR-mediated regulation of lipid metabolism in the placenta (Xu et al 2007). PPARg has been found to regulate uptake of FFAs, formation of lipid droplets and the de novo lipid synthesis in rat trophoblasts and placental tissues (Capobianco et al 2005, Schaiff et al 2007.…”

Section: Ppara In Fetuses and Placentasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PPARa endogenous ligands are lipophylic molecules such as long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and the eicosanoid leukotriene B 4 (LTB 4 ), which is synthesised in placenta and fetuses through the activity of lipoxygenases (Lin et al 1999, Xu et al 2007. Treatment of rats with pharmacological PPARa activators during pregnancy causes proliferation of peroxisomes and induction of peroxisomal enzyme activities in both maternal and fetal livers (Cibelli et al 1988, Peraza et al 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α activation regulates lipid metabolism in the feto-placental unit from diabetic rats

Martínez¹,

Capobianco²,

White³

et al. 2008

Reproduction

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Maternal diabetes promotes an overaccumulation of lipids in the feto-placental unit and impairs feto-placental development and growth. Here, we investigated the role played by the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)a in lipid metabolism in fetuses and placentas from control and neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Placentas and fetuses were studied on day 13.5 of gestation. The concentrations of PPARa (by Western blot) and its endogenous agonist leukotriene B 4 (LTB 4 ) (by enzyme immunoassay) were analysed. Placental explants and fetuses were cultured with LTB 4 or clofibrate, and then lipid metabolism analysed (concentrations and synthesis from 14 C-acetate of triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol and cholesteryl esters; release of glycerol and free fatty acids (FFAs)).We found that maternal diabetes led to increases in placental concentrations of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters, and fetal concentrations of phospholipids. PPARa agonists downregulated fetal and placental lipid concentrations in control and diabetic rats. The synthesis of lipids was reduced in the diabetic placenta but increased in fetuses from diabetic animals. PPARa agonists reduced the synthesis of lipids in control placenta and in the fetuses from control and diabetic rats. Glycerol and FFA release was enhanced in the diabetic placenta and in control placenta cultured with PPARa agonists. Maternal diabetes led to reductions in fetal and placental LTB 4 concentrations and to increases in placental PPARa concentrations. Overall, these data support a novel role of PPARa as a regulator of lipid metabolism in the fetoplacental unit, relevant in maternal diabetes where fetal and placental PPARa, LTB 4 and lipid concentrations are altered.Reproduction (2008) 136 95-103

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“…Higher Pparg mRNA expression was detected in the labyrinth placental zone, the layer of actual maternal-fetal transfer, compared with the basal zone during the last third of rat gestation (53). Although evidence from human placental cell studies is not as clear and results from expression analysis have been less consistent (Table 3), PPAR␥ appears to also play a role for human trophoblast differentiation (134), invasion (135), and placental lipid metabolism (148). Ppard mRNA is expressed ubiquitously, including in the digestive tract and the placenta, with a role in fatty acid catabolism and energy uncoupling in adipose tissue and muscle (6,128).…”

Section: The Ppar Family and Its Role In Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors under epigenetic control in placental metabolism and fetal development

Lendvai

Deutsch

Plösch

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Effect of Placental Fatty Acid Metabolism and Regulation by Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor on Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes

Cited by 55 publications

References 175 publications

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the regulation of female reproductive functions

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the regulation of female reproductive functions

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α activation regulates lipid metabolism in the feto-placental unit from diabetic rats

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors under epigenetic control in placental metabolism and fetal development

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