Effect of Pine Pollen on Settling Behavior of &lt;I&gt;Frankliniella occidentalis&lt;/I&gt; and &lt;I&gt;Frankliniella fusca&lt;/I&gt; (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Tomato and Peanut

Chitturi, Anitha; Riley, David G.; Joost, P. Houston

doi:10.1603/0046-225x(2006)35[1396:eoppos]2.0.co;2

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, pine pollen deposition on poor-quality thrips hosts in the Þeld may make them more attractive to certain thrips in the Þeld. Pine pollen deposition on peanut and tomato leaf discs was found to signiÞcantly increase settling behavior in western ßower thrips but not in tobacco thrips (Chitturi et al 2006). Tobacco thrips settling behavior was not signiÞcantly increased overall, but a notable increase in settling with pollen treatment on peanut and not tomato may suggest that poorer-quality hosts can be made more attractive to tobacco thrips with pine pollen supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Onions were used both because tobacco thrips populations increase in Þeld crops during the early spring and because live onion seedlings could be contained inside a micro-cage for thrips. Western ßower and tobacco thrips have a noted feeding preference for whole, intact plant foliage (Chitturi et al 2006), which more closely approximates Þeld conditions than discs or excised leaves. A micro-plant held inside a micro-cage provided live plant material long enough to measure thrips life table parameters.…”

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confidence: 89%

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Effects of Pine Pollen Supplementation in an Onion Diet onFrankliniella fuscaReproduction

Angelella

Riley

2010

Environ Entomol

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A micro-cage bioassay was developed to test the effect of slash pine pollen (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) supplementation to a whole onion plant (Allium cepa L. variety Pegasus) diet on thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) reproductive parameters. Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) females were placed on two to three-leaf stage onion seedling under a treatment of either slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) pollen dusting (a pollen supplement) or no pollen treatment. Adult survival, net oviposition, and offspring produced over a series of ten 2-d intervals were recorded. From these values, l(x), l(x)m(x), and R(0) values were constructed. A trimodal distribution of oviposition was observed with the pollen supplement. Increased oviposition rates led to higher female offspring production per female and to a four-fold increase in F. fusca net reproduction on pollen-treated onions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of Pine Pollen Supplementation in an Onion Diet onFrankliniella fuscaReproduction

Angelella

Riley

2010

Environ Entomol

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“…Separate studies suggest that WFT population dispersal may be positively correlated with pine pollen dispersal (Chitturi et al 2006; Riley et al 2007, 2011). Both pollen and the oily coating of pollen grains, known as pollenkitt, produce species-specific odors that can be distinguished by bees (Dobson 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Responses to Putative Ancestral Hosts: Is the Attraction of Western Flower Thrips to Pine Pollen a Result of Relict Olfactory Receptors?

et al. 2014

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Pollinophagy is widely documented in the order Thysanoptera, with representative individuals from six of the nine divergent families known to feed on pollen. Various pollens of the genus Pinus increase the development time, fecundity, longevity, and settling preference of Western Flower Thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Certain species of flower thrips discriminate among pollen types, but no studies have elucidated the olfactory cues that play a role in their pollen preferences. In this study, the volatile organic compounds emitted by pollens of the genus Pinus were elucidated. Various chemicals from pollen headspace elicited electrophysiological responses from WFT antennae. The compound (S)-(-)-verbenone, identified in pollen headspace, attracted WFT in a 4-arm olfactometer. This compound has potential for use in integrated pest management programs against the pest. We present the hypothesis that this polyphagous insect may have retained ancestral ‘relict’ olfactory receptors through the course of evolution, to explain this attraction to pine pollen. This attraction has allowed the insect to find and exploit an unusual nutrient source that significantly increases its fitness. The study demonstrates how fossil record analysis and subsequent evolutionary knowledge can aid in explaining possibilities as to why some insects sense and respond to chemicals that would otherwise seem peculiar to their ecology, allowing insight into the evolutionary forces that may shape insect olfactory systems over time.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10886-014-0450-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Females were especially abundant in anthesis‐stage flowers, as shown by Milne and Walter (). This association of thrips with pollen is evident also in other Frankliniella species (Chitturi et al ., ). Further, adult thrips in anthesis and, especially, postanthesis flowers were mostly distributed at the apex of the flower as opposed to preanthesis flowers where most thrips were in mid and base sections (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tiny insects against the weather—flight and foraging patterns of Frankliniella schultzei (Thripidae) not altered by onset of rainfall

Foster

Walter

2017

Insect Science

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To survive in nature, organisms may need to take direct action to mitigate specific dangers from their environmental surroundings. Tiny flying insects are thought to be at particular risk from rainfall that would be of negligible concern to larger animals. The study species Frankliniella schultzei is a thrips that inhabits flowers and feeds mostly on petal tissue and pollen. While found to respond in the laboratory to decreases in atmospheric pressure associated with cyclonic conditions (rather than merely heavy rainfall), their responses to conditions preceding rainfall have not been tested in the field. Initial field sampling investigated the relationship between floral development and sites at which male, female, and larval thrips were generally present on sunny days. We then designed a sampling strategy to test if these thrips can anticipate imminent rainfall or storms and so seek shelter deep within flowers, by sampling host flowers (in sections) on multiple days with different weather conditions. Sticky traps were used to intercept thrips in flight, thus providing a measure of flight behavior across different days. The initial sampling found adult thrips primarily at the petal apex of anthesis-stage flowers where pollen is distributed. We subsequently found that rainfall, atmospheric pressure change, temperature, humidity and wind had no effect on flight behavior of F. schultzei, or on their positions within flowers. These findings suggest rainfall is not a serious hazard for them. Perhaps thrips can survive raindrop collisions during flight, as impacts with water droplets are not expected to break the surface tension.

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Effect of Pine Pollen on Settling Behavior of <I>Frankliniella occidentalis</I> and <I>Frankliniella fusca</I> (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Tomato and Peanut

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Effects of Pine Pollen Supplementation in an Onion Diet onFrankliniella fuscaReproduction

Effects of Pine Pollen Supplementation in an Onion Diet onFrankliniella fuscaReproduction

Innate Responses to Putative Ancestral Hosts: Is the Attraction of Western Flower Thrips to Pine Pollen a Result of Relict Olfactory Receptors?

Tiny insects against the weather—flight and foraging patterns of Frankliniella schultzei (Thripidae) not altered by onset of rainfall

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