Effect of pilot fuel properties on lean dual-fuel combustion and emission characteristics in a heavy-duty engine

Ahmad, Zeeshan; Kaario, Ossi; Cheng, Qiang; Larmi, Martti

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116134

Cited by 19 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…The appearance of the ignition of the dribbling later than the end of the injector might be related to the larger droplet size than the normal spray, which needs more time to evaporate. More details about the effect of dribbling on DF combustion can be found in [51][52][53][54]. The general observation from Figure 9 indicates that the natural flame luminosity can be categorized into three combustion stages, including: (1) the SoC stage, which exhibits dark blue color due to the low-temperature HRR in the flame; (2) the main combustion stage, which means more unburned gas is involved in the reaction and high-temperature HRR in the flame, while the flame emits bright bluish luminosity; (3) the tail combustion stage, where the residual gas and large dribbling droplets glow as bright yellowish light [55].…”

Section: Effect Of H 2 Addition On the Engine Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydrogen Enhancement on Natural Flame Luminosity of Tri-Fuel Combustion in an Optical Engine

et al. 2022

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A novel combustion mode, namely tri-fuel (TF) combustion using a diesel pilot to ignite the premixed methane–hydrogen–air (CH4–H2–air) mixtures, was experimentally investigated under various H2 fractions (0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%) and ultra-lean conditions (equivalence ratio of φ = 0.5). The overarching objective is to evaluate the effect of H2 fraction on flame characteristics and engine performance. To visualize the effect of H2 fraction on the combustion process and flame characteristics, a high-speed color camera (Photron SA-Z) was employed for natural flame luminosity (NFL) imaging to visualize the instantaneous TF combustion process. The engine performance, flame characteristics, and flame stability are characterized based on cylinder pressure and color natural flame images. Both pressure-based and optical imaging-based analyses indicate that adding H2 into the CH4–air mixture can dramatically improve engine performance, such as combustion efficiency, flame speed, and flame stability. The visualization results of NFL show that the addition of H2 promotes the high-temperature reaction, which exhibits a brighter bluish flame during the start of combustion and main combustion, however, a brighter orangish flame during the end of combustion. Since the combustion is ultra-lean, increasing the H2 concentration in the CH4–air mixture dramatically improves the flame propagation, which might reduce the CH4 slip. However, higher H2 concentration in the CH4–air mixture might lead to a high-temperature reaction that sequentially promotes soot emissions, which emit a bright yellowish flame.

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Section: Effect Of H 2 Addition On the Engine Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydrogen Enhancement on Natural Flame Luminosity of Tri-Fuel Combustion in an Optical Engine

et al. 2022

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Enhancement of energy, exergy and soot characteristics with the utilization of MEK in diesel engine

Almanzalawy,

Mori,

Elkady

et al. 2023

J Therm Anal Calorim

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This study investigated the effects of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) on a diesel engine’s energy, exergy and emissions. The evaporation of a bi-component droplet of MEK and heptane was modeled. Furthermore, the soot morphology and nanostructure were quantified. Different blends were examined at other engine conditions. Running the engine under idle conditions and optimum speed considerably reduced engine emissions. MEK noticeably decreased the maximum reachable load of the diesel engine. Both specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency increased with MEK. The exergetic efficiency increased while the fuel exergy decreased at the same work exergy. The effects of MEK on combustion characteristics were insignificant. However, a stronger premixed combustion phase was obtained where MEK evaporated first and caused a slightly longer droplet lifetime. Low percentages of MEK reduced CO emissions, while NOx emissions increased consistently with the MEK addition. The engine conditions noticeably influenced the unburned hydrocarbon emissions with MEK. Both smoke opacity and primary particle diameter decreased. The fringe analysis emphasized that MEK decreased fringe length, soot intensity, and alignment, increasing fringe tortuosity and spacing. Clearly, methyl ethyl ketone suppressed soot formation in a diesel engine and decreased its reactivity. Graphical abstract

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Effect of alternative fuels on the emissions of a passenger car under real-world driving conditions: a comparison of biodiesel, gas-to-liquid, coal to liquid

Zhang,

Zheng,

Lou

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Effect of pilot fuel properties on lean dual-fuel combustion and emission characteristics in a heavy-duty engine

Cited by 19 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of Hydrogen Enhancement on Natural Flame Luminosity of Tri-Fuel Combustion in an Optical Engine

Effect of Hydrogen Enhancement on Natural Flame Luminosity of Tri-Fuel Combustion in an Optical Engine

Enhancement of energy, exergy and soot characteristics with the utilization of MEK in diesel engine

Effect of alternative fuels on the emissions of a passenger car under real-world driving conditions: a comparison of biodiesel, gas-to-liquid, coal to liquid

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