Effect of phytosterols and their oxidation products on lipoprotein profiles and vascular function in hamster fed a high cholesterol diet

Liang, Yin; Wong, Wing Tak; Guan, Lei; Tian, Xiaoyu; Ying, Ka; Huang, Yü; Chen, Zhen Yu

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.06.004

Cited by 98 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The downregulatory effect on lipogenic genes (SREBP1 and FAS) of the phytosterol extract was consistent with previous reports that demonstrated that sitosterol and stigmasterol downregulated the expression of other relevant proteins involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, such as SREBP-2 and HMGCR (Liang et al 2011). Moreover, it has been demonstrated hepatic downregulation of SREBP1 in C57BL/6 mice fed with a mixture of phytosterols in their free forms (Rideout et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A significant decrease in the relative expression of hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), and intestinal ATP-binding cassette subfamily G 5 (ABCG5) has been observed in hamsters fed with a highcholesterol diet and pure sitosterol or stigmasterol (Liang et al 2011). SREBP is a family of transcription factors that regulate lipid metabolism and activate the expression of more than 30 genes dedicated to the synthesis and uptake of cholesterol, as well as fatty acid synthesis (Horton 2002;Sato 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conjugated and free sterols from black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed coats as cholesterol micelle disruptors and their effect on lipid metabolism and cholesterol transport in rat primary hepatocytes

et al. 2013

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Phytosterols have been widely studied for their cholesterol-lowering effect. Conjugated phytosterol forms have been found more active than free moieties. There are no reports about the sterol profile of black bean seed coats neither its effects on cholesterol metabolism. The aim of this research was to identify and quantify phytosterols from black bean seed coats and to determine their effects on cholesterol micellar solubility and on mRNA and key protein levels involved in lipid/cholesterol metabolism and cholesterol transport in primary rat hepatocytes. Free phytosterols, acylated steryl glycosides, and steryl glycosides were extracted from black bean seed coats. They were identified through HPLC-MS-TOF and quantified through HPLC equipped with UV-visible and evaporative light-scattering detectors. Free and conjugated phytosterols from the coats significantly increased the inhibitory effect of cholesterol micelle formation compared with stigmasterol, which was used as control (P \ 0.05). In addition, phytosterols of black bean seed coat decreased lipogenesis by the downregulation of lipogenic proteins such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 and fatty acid synthesis (FAS) in primary rat hepatocytes. Regarding b-oxidation, phytosterols upregulated the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and promoted the b-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. Phytosterols inhibited cholesterol micellar solubility and reduced the activation of the liver X receptor, decreasing hepatic FAS and promoting hepatic b-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated and free sterols from black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed coats as cholesterol micelle disruptors and their effect on lipid metabolism and cholesterol transport in rat primary hepatocytes

et al. 2013

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“…These deleterious compounds have extensively been found in vegetable foods and especially in enriched products, reaching values over 700 µg/g in spreads and 450 µg/100 mL in milk-type products (Menéndez-Carreño et al, 2008;Rudzińska et al, 2014). The hypothesis of their possible absorption into the organism through the diet is supported by several studies (Bang, Arakawa, Takada, Sato, & Imaizumi, 2008;Liang et al, 2011). Moreover, recent evidence in a mice model fed with a mixture of POPs, reinforced this hypothesis (Plat et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Unsaturated lipid matrices protect plant sterols from degradation during heating treatment

2016

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The interest in plant sterols enriched foods has recently enhanced due to their healthy properties. The influence of the unsaturation degree of different fatty acids methyl esters (FAME: stearate, oleate, linoletate and linolenate) on a mixture of three plant sterols (PS:campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol) was evaluated at 180 °C for up to 180 min.Sterols degraded slower in the presence of unsaturated FAME. Both PS and FAME degradation fit a first order kinetic model (R 2 >0.9). Maximum oxysterols concentrations were achieved at 20 min in neat PS and 120 min in lipid mixtures and this maximum amount decreased with increasing their unsaturation degree. In conclusion, the presence of FAME delayed PS degradation and postponed oxysterols formation. This protective effect was further promoted by increasing the unsaturation degree of FAME. This evidence could help industries to optimize the formulation of sterol-enriched products, so that they could mantain their healthy properties during cooking or processing.

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“…LDL cholesterol in humans (2 g/d). Furthermore, it was recently demonstrated that, in hamsters fed a high-cholesterol diet, endothelial function was improved after intake of sitosterol and stigmasterol compared with control and compared with their oxidized counterparts (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of a low-fat spread with added plant sterols on vascular function markers: Results of the investigating vascular function effects of plant sterols (invest) study

Ras¹,

Fuchs²,

Koppenol³

et al. 2015

Atherosclerosis

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Effect of phytosterols and their oxidation products on lipoprotein profiles and vascular function in hamster fed a high cholesterol diet

Cited by 98 publications

References 49 publications

Conjugated and free sterols from black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed coats as cholesterol micelle disruptors and their effect on lipid metabolism and cholesterol transport in rat primary hepatocytes

Conjugated and free sterols from black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed coats as cholesterol micelle disruptors and their effect on lipid metabolism and cholesterol transport in rat primary hepatocytes

Unsaturated lipid matrices protect plant sterols from degradation during heating treatment

The effect of a low-fat spread with added plant sterols on vascular function markers: Results of the investigating vascular function effects of plant sterols (invest) study

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