Effect of phytate on the in vitro activity of digestive proteinases

Vaintraub, I. A.; Bulmaga, V. P.

doi:10.1021/jf00005a008

Cited by 73 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The key study by Vaintraub & Bulmaga (77) found that phytate reduced pepsin hydrolysis of bovine serum albumin by approximately 90% and Hb, casein and 11S soya protein by 65%. These maximal reductions were observed at pH 2-3 but reductions were not evident at pH 4·0-4·5; this indicates a narrow pH band for protein -phytate interactions.…”

Section: Implications Of Binary Protein-phytate Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein–phytate interactions in pig and poultry nutrition: a reappraisal

et al. 2012

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Protein–phytate interactions are fundamental to the detrimental impact of phytate on protein/amino acid availability. The inclusion of exogenous phytase in pig and poultry diets degrades phytate to more innocuous esters and attenuates these negative influences. The objective of the present review is to reappraise the underlying mechanisms of these interactions and reassess their implications in pig and poultry nutrition. Protein digestion appears to be impeded by phytate in the following manner. Binary protein–phytate complexes are formed at pH levels less than the isoelectric point of proteins and complexed proteins are refractory to pepsin digestion. Once the protein isoelectric points are exceeded binary complexes dissociate; however, the isoelectric point of proteins in cereal grains may be sufficiently high to permit these complexes to persist in the small intestine. Ternary protein–phytate complexes are formed at pH levels above the isoelectric point of proteins where a cationic bridge links the protein and phytate moieties. The molecular weights of protein and polypeptides in small-intestinal digesta may be sufficient to allow phytate to bind nutritionally important amounts of protein in ternary complexes. Thus binary and ternary complexes may impede protein digestion and amino acid absorption in the small intestine. Alternatively, phytate may interact with protein indirectly.Myo-inositol hexaphosphate possesses six phosphate anionic moieties (HPO42–) that have strong kosmotropic effects and can stabilise proteins by interacting with the surrounding water medium. Phytate increases mucin secretions into the gut, which increases endogenous amino acid flows as the protein component of mucin remains largely undigested. Phytate promotes the transition of Na+into the small-intestinal lumen and this suggests that phytate may interfere with glucose and amino acid absorption by compromising Na+-dependent transport systems and the activity of the Na pump (Na+-K+-ATPase). Starch digestion may be depressed by phytate interacting with proteins that are closely associated with starch in the endosperm of cereal grains. While elucidation is required, the impacts of dietary phytate and exogenous phytase on the site, rate and synchrony of glucose and amino acid intestinal uptakes may be of importance to efficient protein deposition. Somewhat paradoxically, the responses to phytase in the majority of amino acid digestibility assays in pigs and poultry are equivocal. A brief consideration of the probable reasons for these inconclusive outcomes is included in this reappraisal.

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Section: Implications Of Binary Protein-phytate Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein–phytate interactions in pig and poultry nutrition: a reappraisal

et al. 2012

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“…Hence, it can be concluded that casein protein has higher quality of protein than all other diet treatments. Several studies reported that dietary antinutritional factors affect the protein quality of foods (Gilani et al 2005;Jansman et al 1994;Vaintraub & Bulmaga 1991).…”

Section: Rat Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Selected Herbs and Vegetables on the Nutritional Quality of Beef Burger and Rat Bioassay

Khalid

Abdul-Hamid

Ramakrishna

et al. 2017

JSM

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“…First, phytic acid may interact with dietary protein and endogenous protein (pepsin, and pepsinogen and its activating peptide) in the stomach, where the pH is acidic (Cowieson et al 2006), thereby reducing the activity of pepsin. Indeed, Knuckles et al (1989) reported a 9 to 14% reduction in pepsin digestion of casein and bovine serum albumin in vitro due to addition of phytic acid to the incubation media, whereas Vaintraub and Bulmaga (1991) reported a 60 to 92% reduction in pepsin digestion of casein, hemoglobin, bovine serum albumin and soybean protein in vitro due to addition of phytic acid to the incubation media. Furthermore, Liu et al (2009) reported a 6.3% reduction in the activity of pepsin in the proventriculus of broiler chickens due to dietary phytic acid, whereas observed reduced activity of pepsin in piglets by 46% due to addition of phytic acid to a phytic acid-free diet.…”

Section: Effect Of Phytic Acid On Endogenous Losses Of Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Anti-nutritional effects of phytic acid in diets for pigs and poultry – current knowledge and directions for future research

2013

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Woyengo, T. A. and Nyachoti, C. M. 2013. Review: Anti-nutritional effects of phytic acid in diets for pigs and poultry Á current knowledge and directions for future research. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 9Á21. Plant feedstuffs contain phytic acid (PA), which is a storage form of phosphorus. Phytic acid is, however, poorly hydrolyzed by pigs and poultry, and it has a capacity to complex dietary nutrients, thereby reducing nutrient digestibility. Reduced nutrient digestibility by PA implies reduced efficiency of utilization of the nutrients and increased discharge of the unabsorbed nutrients to the environment. Phytic acid has also recently been shown to increase the endogenous nutrient losses (ENL) in pigs and poultry. Because the increased ENL in the gastrointestinal tract are associated with increased maintenance requirement for the lost nutrients and of energy spent on their secretion, an increase in ENL due to PA implies that there are other adverse effects of PA on nutrient utilization in addition to reducing nutrient digestibility. In this review, the effects of PA on performance of pigs and poultry, and on the digestibility and ENL in these animals are discussed in detail. Also, the mechanisms by which PA reduces nutrient digestibility and increases gastrointestinal ENL in pigs and poultry are discussed, and areas that need further research to gain more insight into these mechanisms are suggested.Key words: Phytic acid, pig, poultry, nutrient utilization Woyengo, T. A. et Nyachoti, C. M. 2013. Effets anti-nutritionnels de l'acide phytique dans la ration des porcs et de la volaille Á connaissances actuelles et pistes pour les recherches a`venir. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 9Á21. Les aliments ve´ge´taux renferment de l'acide phytique (AP), compose´servant a`stocker le phosphore. Malheureusement, les porcs et la volaille hydrolysent mal cet acide, qui, de plus, a tendance a`rendre les nutriments plus complexes, donc a`en re´duire la digestibilite´. Une digestibilite´plus faible des e´le´ments nutritifs suppose en retour une assimilation moins efficace et l'expulsion dans l'environnement d'une plus grande quantite´de nutriments non absorbe´s. Re´cemment, on a aussi montre´que l'AP augmente les pertes endoge`nes de nutriments (PEN) chez le porc et la volaille. L'augmentation des PEN dans le tube digestif est associe´e aux besoins de maintenance plus e´leve´s ne´cessaires pour compenser les nutriments perdus et l'e´nergie de´pense´e lors de leur se´cre´tion. La hausse des PEN attribuable a`l'AP laisse pre´sumer que celui-ci a d'autres effets secondaires sur l'assimilation des nutriments qu'une digestibilite´re´duite. L'analyse examine en de´tail les conse´quences de l'AP sur le rendement des porcs et de la volaille et sur la digestibilite´ainsi que les PEN chez ces animaux. On y discute aussi des me´canismes par lesquels l'AP re´duit la digestibilite´des nutriments et augmente les PEN dans le tube digestif des porcs et de la volaille. Les auteurs pre´conisent qu'on approfondissent les recherches dans ces domaines afin d'en...

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Effect of phytate on the in vitro activity of digestive proteinases

Cited by 73 publications

References 10 publications

Protein–phytate interactions in pig and poultry nutrition: a reappraisal

Protein–phytate interactions in pig and poultry nutrition: a reappraisal

Effects of Selected Herbs and Vegetables on the Nutritional Quality of Beef Burger and Rat Bioassay

Review: Anti-nutritional effects of phytic acid in diets for pigs and poultry – current knowledge and directions for future research

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