Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Oxidative Stress Markers in Healing Dynamics of Diabetic Neuropathic Wounds in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Background Prolonged and overlapping phases of wound healing in diabetes are mainly due to the redox imbalance resulting in the chronicity of the wound. Photobiomodulation therapy works on the principle of absorption of photon energy and its transduction into a biological response in the living tissue. It alleviates the cellular responses, thereby improving the mechanism of wound healing in diabetes. Objective To find out the effect of photobiomodulation therapy of dosage 4 J/cm2 in the healing dynamics of diabetic neuropathic wounds in Wistar rats and its relation with oxidative stress markers. Methodology Diabetes was induced using Streptozotocin of 60 mg/kg of body weight to eighteen female Wistar rats. Neuropathy was induced by the sciatic nerve crush injury followed by an excisional wound of 2 cm2 on the back of the animal. Experimental group animals were treated with dosage 4 J/cm2 of wavelength 655 and 808 nm, and control group animals were kept unirradiated. The biomechanical, histopathological, and biochemical changes were analysed in both groups. Results There was a reduction in mean wound healing time and an increased rate of wound contraction in the experimental group animals compared to its control group. The experimental group showed improved redox status, and histopathological findings revealed better proliferative cells, keratinisation, and epithelialization than un-irradiated controls. Conclusions Photobiomodulation therapy of dosage 4 J/cm2 enhanced the overall wound healing dynamics of the diabetes-induced neuropathic wound and optimised the oxidative status of the wound, thereby facilitating a faster healing process.

Preclinical study of diabetic foot ulcers: From pathogenesis to vivo/vitro models and clinical therapeutic transformation

“…Furthermore, Karkada et al used the nerve crush method to induce nerve injury by surgically separating the sciatic nerve after inducing a DM rat model and inflicting a crush injury using haemostatic forceps. 87 This model can also shorten the modelling time and has increased economic benefits.…”

“…It is also suitable for repairing nerve damage in diabetic animal studies; however, the neuropathy triggered by severing the nerve is not consistent with the clinical DFU pathology mechanism. Furthermore, Karkada et al used the nerve crush method to induce nerve injury by surgically separating the sciatic nerve after inducing a DM rat model and inflicting a crush injury using haemostatic forceps 87 . This model can also shorten the modelling time and has increased economic benefits.…”

Efeito Da Laserterapia De Baixa Intensidade No Tratamento De Úlceras Em Pacientes Com Diabetes Mellitus: Uma Revisão Integrativa

“…Por fim, mais um estudo realizado com ratos diabéticos constatou que houve uma redução no tempo médio de cicatrização da ferida e um aumento na taxa de contração da ferida, além de melhores células proliferativas, queratinização e epitelização. Contudo, em divergência com outros delineamentos abordados até então, a pesquisa detalhou sua aplicação da laserterapia em uma dosagem de 4 J/cm 2 e comprimento de onda 655 e 808 nm (KARKADA et al, 2022).…”

O uso de laserterapia em feridas diabéticas: uma revisão integrativa

“…Comparado com o grupo controle, a LLLT aumentou significativamente a taxa de cura completa dos pacientes com DFUs, reduzindo significativamente as áreas das úlceras dos pacientes, além de diminuir drasticamente o tempo médio de cicatrização. Outro estudo realizado porKarkada et al (2021), utilizaram a dosagem do laser de 4 J/cm 2 , os pacientes do grupo experimental tiveram uma cicatrização completa da ferida (aproximadamente 16 dias), além do desenvolvimento da epitelização e queratinização, e o grupo controle não irradiado apresentou mais tempo para a cicatrização completa (aproximadamente 21 dias). A LLLT é capaz de ativar os neurotransmissores, agindo no sistema circulatório e acelerando o processo de cicatrização, devido a ativação do tecido de granulação.…”