Effect of phenolic compounds from the leaves of Psidium guajava on the activity of three metabolism‐related enzymes

Abstract

Enzyme activity modulation by synthetic compounds provide strategies combining the inhibitory and therapeutic mode of action of the confirmed inhibitors. However, natural modulators could offer a valuable alternative for synthetic ones for the treatment of different chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, cancer); due to the numerous side effects of the latter. In vitro screening assays were conducted for Psidium guajava leaf methanolic extract against three metabolism-related enzymes; α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase. The obtained results showed that the examined extract retained weak and moderate multitarget inhibition against α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase, respectively; however, the leaf fractions exhibited stronger inhibitions for the three investigated enzymes. Fractionation of P. guajava leaf extract revealed that anthraquinones and ellagic acid are of the major active compounds with inhibitory activities for α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase. Kinetic studies showed that quinalizarin inhibition is competitive for both α-amylase and hyaluronidase, and ellagic acid inhibition for tyrosinase and hyaluronidase is competitive and un-competitive, respectively. The molecular docking studies of quinalizarin and ellagic acid with α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase showed high binding energies with different bonds stabilizing the ligand-protein complex. Compiling all obtained results led to conclude that both P. guajava leaf fractions, quinalizarin and ellagic acid, have multitarget activities with potential therapeutic applications in many metabolic disorders.

The bioactivity and applications of pomegranate peel extract: A review

“…In addition to the six main biological activities mentioned above, EA also has biological activities such as anti‐pulmonary fibrosis (Vu et al, 2019), anti‐atherosclerosis (José‐Luis et al, 2018), anti‐diabetes (Stojanović et al, 2017), anti‐depression (Huang et al, 2020), improving liver cirrhosis (Reis et al, 2017), the improvement of the side effects caused by some drugs (Ahmed et al, 2020), and other biological activities.…”

Added-Value Compounds in Cork By-Products: Methods for Extraction, Identification, and Quantification of Compounds with Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Interest

“…The cosmetic industry, in particular, could find new applications for these residues, especially taking into account the wide array of promising properties they have exhibited, such as antioxidant, depigmenting, seborregulator, exfoliant, and antiaging [21,124]. A relevant example due to its high market demand is the antiaging potential of the cork extracts: several compounds found in cork extracts have demonstrated the ability to inhibit enzymes such as collagenase, elastase [125,126], hyaluronase and tyrosinase [127,128], all of which play a key role in skin aging. However, it is not clear whether these compounds retain such biological activities when isolated from cork by-products, or if that ability results from synergistic effects.…”

Physical properties and glycaemic response of tapioca noodles fortified with herb mixture

“…This was thought to be due to an increase in the total phenolic content of tapioca noodles, especially the addition of guava leaves. Ahmed et al (2021) showed that guava leaf extract had a strong inhibitory effect on the α-amylase enzyme, mainly due to its anthraquinone and ellagic acid content. In vivo research supported the result that guava leaf extract could reduce blood sugar levels in diabetic rats through the inhibition of α-amylase and glucose transport enzymes (Shabbir et al, 2020).…”