Effect of phase transfer catalysts on the interfacial tension of water/toluene system

Dutta, Narendra Nath; Patil, Ganapathi

doi:10.1002/cjce.5450710519

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Close agreement is observed (the standard deviation within 12%). This analysis would be useful in quantitatively relating the interfacial properties to the reactivity or selectivity of the present liquid-liquid phasetransfer-catalyzed synthesis reactions (Dutta and Patil, 1993;Mason et al, 1990).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interfacial data, at least, may be helpful in understanding the effect of interfacial area on the volumetric rate of extraction, the overall reaction rate, etc., for twophase systems involving surface-active PTCs, because lowering of the interfacial tension between two phases leads to an increase in interfacial area (Dutta and Patil, 1993). This is a series of work to elucidate the role of the interface on the synthesis of ether-ester compounds by phase-transfer catalysis and to indicate the region where the chemical reactions occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interfacial Properties on the Synthesis of Ether−Ester Compounds by Liquid−Liquid Phase-Transfer Catalysis

Juang

Liu

1997

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Interfacial tensions between water/n-hexane and water/toluene in the synthesis of ether-ester compounds by phase-transfer catalysis were measured. These two-phase systems contained phase-transfer catalysts, an aqueous-phase reactant, and/or alkaline. It was shown that the measured data could be well described by the Gibbs adsorption equation coupled with the Langmuir monolayer isotherm. In addition, the interfacial parameters such as the surface excess and adsorption constant determined in one-compound systems allowed one to predict the surface pressure of the present practical liquid-liquid phase-transfer-catalyzed systems. Other interfacial properties of species such as the molecular area and ion-pair dissociation constant were also evaluated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Properties on the Synthesis of Ether−Ester Compounds by Liquid−Liquid Phase-Transfer Catalysis

Juang

Liu

1997

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Examples of such solute/fluidfluid systems, encountered in extraction processes, are acetone/water-toluene (Javed et al 1989), Butyric acid/water-toluene (Sternling & Scriven 1959) and oxyethylated alcohols/water-heptane (Tadmouri et al 2010). Several phase transfer catalysts also act as soluble surfactants and modify the interfacial tension of the interfluid interface (Dutta & Patil 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solutal Marangoni instability in layered two-phase flows

2016

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In this paper, the instability of layered two-phase flows caused by the presence of a soluble surfactant (or a surface active solute) is studied. The fluids have different viscosities, but are density matched to focus on Marangoni effects. The fluids flow between two flat plates, which are maintained at different solute concentrations. This establishes a constant flux of solute from one fluid to the other in the base state. A linear stability analysis is performed, using a combination of asymptotic and numerical methods. In the creeping flow regime, Marangoni stresses destabilize the flow, provided a concentration gradient is maintained across the fluids. One long wave and two short wave Marangoni instability modes arise, in different regions of parameter space. A well-defined condition for the long wave instability is determined in terms of the viscosity and thickness ratios of the fluids, and the direction of mass transfer. Energy budget calculations show that the Marangoni stresses that drive long and short wave instabilities have distinct origins. The former is caused by interface deformation while the latter is associated with convection by the disturbance flow. Consequently, even when the interface is non-deforming (in the large interfacial tension limit), the flow can become unstable to short wave disturbances. On increasing Re, the viscosity-induced interfacial instability comes into play. This mode is shown to either suppress or enhance the Marangoni instability, depending on the viscosity and thickness ratios. This analysis is relevant to applications such as solvent extraction in microchannels, in which a surface-active solute is transferred between fluids in parallel stratified flow. It is also applicable to the thermocapillary problem of layered flow between heated plates.

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“…The surface tension of all the mixtures decreases with the increase in the concentration of the extractants. Aliquat has been used as surfactant and phase transfer catalyst by Dutta and Patil 72 . Being a cationic surfactant, Aliquat reduces the surface tension in mixture A 11 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic, thermodynamic and ultrasonic properties of pseudo‐binary mixtures of organic extractants and vegetable oil at 25–60°C under atmospheric pressure

Sarkar

Mondal

Beriya

et al. 2021

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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This work is intended to investigate the molecular interactions and transport properties of five pseudo‐binary mixtures of various combinations of vegetable oils (sesame oil and sunflower oil) and organic extractants (Aliquat 336, TBP, D2EHPA and TOA) by determining their surface tension, density and viscosity over a temperature range of 25–60°C at atmospheric pressure. The experimental data are fitted into various literature models. Information on excess molar volume and viscosity deviation leads to an understanding of solute–solvent interactions. Further, the ultrasonic velocity, isentropic compressibility, intermolecular free length, specific impedance, apparent molar volume, volumetric thermal expansion coefficient, excess Gibbs' free energy, change in enthalpy of mixing and entropy of activation of the liquids have been calculated. A model relating the surface tension, density and viscosity of the pseudo‐binary mixtures has been proposed in this paper. Analysis of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies has further illustrated the intermolecular interactions in the pseudo‐binary mixtures.

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Effect of phase transfer catalysts on the interfacial tension of water/toluene system

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Interfacial Properties on the Synthesis of Ether−Ester Compounds by Liquid−Liquid Phase-Transfer Catalysis

Interfacial Properties on the Synthesis of Ether−Ester Compounds by Liquid−Liquid Phase-Transfer Catalysis

Solutal Marangoni instability in layered two-phase flows

Spectroscopic, thermodynamic and ultrasonic properties of pseudo‐binary mixtures of organic extractants and vegetable oil at 25–60°C under atmospheric pressure

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