Effect of pH, empty bed contact time and hydraulic loading rate on lead removal by granular activated carbon columns

Reed, Brian E.; Jamil, M.; Thomas, B.

doi:10.2175/106143096x127875

Cited by 54 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The q 50% -capacity decreased for Zn from 2.25 mg/g to 0.42 mg/g (double influent concentration) and to 0.14 mg/g (double influent concentration and double flow-rate). These results indicated that the impact of the EBCT for calcium carbonate was comparable to the ones for GAC and manganese oxide-coated media [19,38]. Inglezakis et al [43] also determined for a zeolite that the breakthrough point (set at c/c 0 = 10%) could be observed after a smaller amount of treated bed volumes as the flow-rate increased and the EBCT decreased.…”

Section: Column Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Between pH 5 and 6 the capacity increased slightly, whereas it was several times higher for pH 7 compared with pH 6. Reed et al [38] [24], the pH value is at or above the point of zero charge that leads to negatively charged sorbent surfaces and higher retention of cations [23], and sorption also increases because metal ions exchange hydrogen ions of the sorbent surfaces more likely [39]. Thus, higher capacities for all six sorbents were expected for an initial pH value of 7 instead of 5.…”

Section: Batch Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In contrast to the manganese oxide-coated media tested by Liu et al [19], the breakthrough capacities of calcium carbonate decreased with increasing concentrations for the same EBCT. For the same removal efficiencies, a longer EBCT must be maintained for higher influent concentrations [38]. Therefore, for the same EBCT and higher influent concentrations, the removal efficiencies decreased and the steepness of the breakthrough curve increased ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Column Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of Factors Influencing Lab-Scale Studies to Determine Heavy Metal Removal by Six Sorbents for Stormwater Treatment

Huber

Badenberg

Wulff

et al. 2016

Water

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For the development of decentralized treatment systems for road runoff, the determination of pollutant removal capacities is essential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of boundary conditions on the simultaneous removal of copper, nickel, and zinc by six sorbents used for urban stormwater treatment (i.e., granular activated alumina, anthracite, granular reactivated carbon, granular ferric hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and granular activated lignite). For batch experiments, capacities were determined at initial concentrations within the range of 2.5-180 mg/L with a rotary shaker. Further influences were investigated: the use of a horizontal shaker for concentrations of up to 1080 mg/L, a variation of the initial pH value (5 and 7), and the presence of a buffer. Furthermore, the influences of the filtration process on the capacities were studied. Kinetic experiments were conducted for contact times between 5 min and 120 min. Lab-scale column experiments with inflow concentrations of 2.5 mg/L (copper and nickel) and 5.0 mg/L (zinc) at an initial pH of 5 and a contact time of 11 min were performed for comparison. Selected experiments were subsequently carried out with changes in initial concentrations and contact time. One result is that it is essential to conduct batch experiments with the metals of interest. The capacities determined by column experiments deviated from batch experiments. Batch experiments under well-defined conditions can be used to evaluate different production batches. Column experiments give a more faithful capacity by considering realistic boundary conditions and should be preferred to determine efficiencies and service lives.

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Section: Column Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Batch Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Column Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of Factors Influencing Lab-Scale Studies to Determine Heavy Metal Removal by Six Sorbents for Stormwater Treatment

Huber

Badenberg

Wulff

et al. 2016

Water

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“…Iron oxide coated meterials for heavy metal removal have been proved successful for the enhancement of treatment capacity and efficiency when compared with uncoated filter media, such as silica sand [10][11][12][13][14], granular activated carbon [15] and polymeric media [16,17]. For example, Edwards and Benjamin [7] found that coated media have similar properties to unattached coating materials in removing metals over a wide pH range, and that Fe oxide coated sand was more effective than uncoated sand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of copper(II) and lead(II) from aqueous solution by manganese oxide coated sand

Han

Zou

Zhang

et al. 2006

Journal of Hazardous Materials

289

138

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“…Empty bed contact time (EBCT) is the residence time (in min) a fluid element is in contact with the bed, and is related to the systems' removal kinetics [35]. This is represented by the relationship between the bed depth (H) in the column and the feed solution velocity (v) [25,34], as given by:…”

Section: Packed Fixed-bed Column Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Innovative Dual-Column System for Heavy Metallic Ion Sorption by Natural Zeolite

Ciosek

Luk

2017

Applied Sciences

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This study investigates the design and performance of a novel sorption system containing natural zeolite. The apparatus consists of packed, fixed-bed, dual-columns with custom automated controls and sampling chambers, connected in series and stock fed by a metering pump at a controlled adjustable distribution. The purpose of the system is to remove heavy metallic ions predominately found in acid mine drainage, including lead (Pb 2+ ), copper (Cu 2+ ), iron (Fe 3+ ), nickel (Ni 2+ ) and zinc (Zn 2+ ), combined in equal equivalence to form an acidified total 10 meq/L aqueous solution. Reported trends on the zeolite's preference to these heavy metallic ions is established in the system breakthrough curve, as Pb 2+ >> Fe 3+ > Cu 2+ > Zn 2+ >> Ni 2+ . Within a 3-h contact period, Pb 2+ is completely removed from both columns. Insufficient Ni 2+ removal is achieved by either column with the promptest breakthrough attained, as zeolite demonstrates the least affinity towards it; however, a 48.97% removal is observed in the cumulative collection at the completion of the analysis period. The empty bed contact times for the first and second columns are 20 and 30 min, respectively; indicating a higher bed capacity at breakthrough and a lower usage rate of the zeolite mineral in the second column. This sorption system experimentally demonstrates the potential for industrial wastewater treatment technology development.

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Effect of pH, empty bed contact time and hydraulic loading rate on lead removal by granular activated carbon columns

Cited by 54 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluation of Factors Influencing Lab-Scale Studies to Determine Heavy Metal Removal by Six Sorbents for Stormwater Treatment

Evaluation of Factors Influencing Lab-Scale Studies to Determine Heavy Metal Removal by Six Sorbents for Stormwater Treatment

Removal of copper(II) and lead(II) from aqueous solution by manganese oxide coated sand

An Innovative Dual-Column System for Heavy Metallic Ion Sorption by Natural Zeolite

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