Effect of permeable anode on electroosmotic consolidation using the horizontal electro-kinetic geosynthetics: analytical approach

Effect of soil layering and interface resistance on electro‐osmotic consolidation of layered soils: A Green's function approach

“…The typical voltage distribution in 1D electro-osmotic consolidation tests is shown in Figure 3A (experimental data), which is quoted from Wang et al 20 Furthermore, the V a (t) is a time-dependent function, as shown in Figure 3B (experimental data), and can be fitted by an exponential function. 28 𝑉 a (𝑡) = (𝑉 0 − 𝑉 f ) 𝑒 −𝜆𝑡 + 𝑉 f (8) where V 0 and V f are the initial and final effective potentials near the anode, respectively, and λ is the attenuation factor, controlling the rate of effective voltage attenuation over time.…”

“…Although easier to construct, vertical electrodes have obvious drawbacks, such as the tendency for soil cracking near the anode, resulting in reduced electroosmotic efficiency and uneven consolidation within the horizontal plane. [5][6][7] In contrast, traditional horizontal electrodes, such as electro-kinetic geosynthetics and metal electrode strips, usually have the advantage of mitigating crack development and promoting a more uniform soil consolidation effect in the horizontal plane, 8 but the disadvantage of inconvenient construction. Therefore, developing a horizontally and easily constructible electrode would be significant.…”