Effect of peptide histidine isoleucine on consummatory  behavior in rats

Olszewski, Pawel K.; Wirth, Mary J.; Shaw, Timothy; Grace, Martha K.; Levine, Allen S.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00554.2002

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This was due to an increase in DMI and resulted in more milk and milk protein, but no increase in milk protein percent. It is not known why Hisduo should cause an increase in DMI in lactating cows when it is known that His is a potent inhibitor of feed intake in rats either through formation of histamine (Kasaoka et al, 2004) or through conversion to histidine peptides (Olszewski et al, 2003 (Forslund et al, 2000;Burke et al, 2012) do not appear in this database for dairy cattle. This may be because of the more or less constant flow of nutrients supplied to the ruminant (Nocek and Braund, 1985) and the relatively small range of dietary protein tested in dairy rations generally and in the current database (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between circulating plasma concentrations and duodenal flows of essential amino acids in lactating dairy cows

Patton

Hristov

Parys

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to better define essential AA (EAA) requirements in lactating dairy cows through examination of the relationship between plasma essential AA concentration (p[EAA]) and predicted duodenal flow of essential AA (EAAduo). Our hypothesis was that at a given level of milk protein output, p[EAA] would remain steady in response to increasing EAAduo until the EAA requirement was met, at which point p[EAA] would increase rapidly in response to greater duodenal flow of EAA until p[EAA] reached a plateau as other body processes degraded excess EAA to avoid toxicity. Thus, the requirement of each EAA would be fulfilled when p[EAA] increased rapidly. To investigate this hypothesis, we compiled a literature database that included 102 studies with 420 treatment means that reported p[EAA], dietary nutrient content, body weight, and milk production. A second database was produced to validate relationships developed in the first database and included 32 studies with 98 treatment means. All relationships were evaluated as regression equations with study as a random factor. Breed, days in milk, body weight, and milk protein production had no effect on the plasma concentration of any EAA. Other than metabolizable protein supply, nutritional content of the rations did not affect p[EAA]. Only p[Arg] was affected by parity, with primiparous cows having higher concentrations of Arg than older cows. No break points in the relationship between p[EAA] versus EAAduo were detected as either steep increases or plateaus. Plasma Arg, Ile, Lys, Thr, and Val concentrations were best associated with their respective EAAduo as quadratic equations, whereas His, Leu, Met, and Phe were associated only linearly. Adding a quadratic term improved the adjusted R(2) or decreased the root mean square error marginally (<2.0%). Thus, we conclude that the main effect of EAAduo on p[EAA] is linear. Abomasal or duodenal infusions of Met, Lys, His, Lys+Met, and casein revealed that Met or Lys infused alone increased the plasma concentration of the infused EAA and lowered the concentration of other EAA, particularly His. Infusion of Lys+Met or His alone was associated with increases in concentrations of these EAA without affecting others. We conclude that over a wide range of protein intakes in lactating cows, plasma levels of EAA increase linearly with duodenal flow. No evidence was found that EAA requirements are reflected in blood plasma concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between circulating plasma concentrations and duodenal flows of essential amino acids in lactating dairy cows

Patton

Hristov

Parys

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Our data indicate that adiponectin specifically hyperpolarizes oxytocin neurons thus inhibiting action potential generation and ultimately oxytocin release. Although many central signals involved in the regulation of energy balance including leptin (Hakansson et al 1998; Ur et al 2002), cocaine–amphetamine‐related transcript (Vrang et al 2000), CCK (Olson et al 1992; Ueta et al 1993) and PHI (Olszewski et al 2003) play critical roles in controlling oxytocin secretion, the precise role of this neurohypophysial peptide in the regulation of energy balance has yet to be established. Modified serum concentrations of oxytocin have been reported in pathological states of energy imbalance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have previously reported that magnocellular neurons depolarize in response to leptin administration supporting the hypothesis that these neurons are sensitive to adiposity hormones (Powis et al 1998) and therefore the circulating concentrations of neurohypophysial peptides may be regulated by adipokines. Intriguingly, oxytocin neurons in the PVN have been suggested to play a vital role in coordinating feeding cessation (Olson et al 1991 a , b ; Verbalis et al 1993; Blevins et al 2003) by acting as targets for factors which induce anorexigenic behaviour such as CCK (Olson et al 1992) and peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) (Olszewski et al 2003). The concentrations of oxytocin in brain and periphery have also been shown to be compromised during pathological states of energy homeostasis such as obesity (elevated) (Stock et al 1989) and restrictive anorexia (reduced) (Demitrack et al 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiponectin selectively inhibits oxytocin neurons of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus

Hoyda

Fry

Ahima

et al. 2007

The Journal of Physiology

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Adiponectin is an adipocyte derived hormone which acts in the brain to modulate energy homeostasis and autonomic function. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) which plays a key role in controlling pituitary hormone secretion has been suggested to be a central target for adiponectin actions. A number of hormones produced by PVN neurons have been implicated in the regulation of energy homeostasis including oxytocin, corticotropin releasing hormone and thyrotropin releasing hormone. In the present study we investigated the role of adiponectin in controlling the excitability of magnocellular (MNC -oxytocin or vasopressin secreting) neurons within the PVN. Using RT-PCR techniques we have shown expression of both adiponectin receptors in the PVN. Patch clamp recordings from MNC neurons in hypothalamic slices have also identified mixed (27% hyperpolarization, 42% depolarization) effects of adiponectin in modulating the excitability of the majority of MNC neurons tested. These effects are maintained when cells are placed in synaptic isolation using tetrodotoxin. Additionally we combined electrophysiological recordings with single cell RT-PCR to examine the actions of adiponectin on MNC neurons which expressed oxytocin only, vasopressin only, or both oxytocin and vasopressin mRNA and assess the profile of receptor expression in these subgroups. Adiponectin was found to hyperpolarize 100% of oxytocin neurons tested (n = 6), while vasopressin cells, while all affected (n = 6), showed mixed responses. Further analysis indicates oxytocin neurons express both receptors (6/7) while vasopressin neurons express either both receptors (3/8) or one receptor (5/8). In contrast 6/6 oxytocin/vasopressin neurons were unaffected by adiponectin. Co-expressing oxytocin and vasopressin neurons express neither receptor (4/6). The results presented in this study suggest that adiponectin plays specific roles in controlling the excitability oxytocin secreting neurons, actions which correlate with the current literature showing increased oxytocin secretion in the obese population.

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“…The i.c.v. administration and intra-PVN or -CeA injection of PHI decreased food consumption in overnight-deprived rats ( 205 ). These peptides’ roles in appetite regulation has not been well understood, hence further research is warranted for clarity in understanding the role of these peptides in neuromodulation of feeding behavior.…”

Section: Other Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central Control of Feeding Behavior by the Secretin, PACAP, and Glucagon Family of Peptides

2017

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Constituting a group of structurally related brain-gut peptides, secretin (SCT), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), and glucagon (GCG) family of peptide hormones exert their functions via interactions with the class B1 G protein-coupled receptors. In recent years, the roles of these peptides in neuroendocrine control of feeding behavior have been a specific area of research focus for development of potential therapeutic drug targets to combat obesity and metabolic disorders. As a result, some members in the family and their analogs have already been utilized as therapeutic agents in clinical application. This review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding on the important role of SCT, PACAP, and GCG family of peptides in central control of feeding behavior.

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Effect of peptide histidine isoleucine on consummatory behavior in rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Relationships between circulating plasma concentrations and duodenal flows of essential amino acids in lactating dairy cows

Relationships between circulating plasma concentrations and duodenal flows of essential amino acids in lactating dairy cows

Adiponectin selectively inhibits oxytocin neurons of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus

Central Control of Feeding Behavior by the Secretin, PACAP, and Glucagon Family of Peptides

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