Effect of Passive Smoking during Pregnancy on Selected Perinatal Parameters

Lazzaroni, F; Bonass, Stefano; Manniello, Eufemia; Morcaldi, Luigi; Repetto, E.; Ruocco, Anna; Calvi, Angela; Cotellessa, G

doi:10.1093/ije/19.4.960

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Lazzaroni et al have also demonstrated a mean birth weight reduction of 123.7 g for the infants with antenatal passive smoking exposure. A mean reduction of 51.4 g in birth weight and a 0.3-cm decrease in birth length were found in the 11 Italian cities study for ETS exposure; the mean birth head circumference of infants born to non-smoking mothers was found to be 0.1-0.2 cm (p Ͻ 0.10) wider than that of both passive smoking and ETS exposures (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Prenatal Smoking Exposure and Neonatal DNA Damage in Relation to Birth Outcomes

Tsui

Lin

et al. 2008

Pediatr Res

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This study investigated whether mothers with prenatal environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure increased the newborn genetic damage and adverse birth outcomes. Study participants were women receiving prenatal care at three hospitals in Central Taiwan and their newborns. Participants were divided into two groups (nonsmokers and ETS-exposed non-smokers) based on maternal ETSexposed status. Comet assay were performed for cord blood samples. Infants born to mothers with prenatal ETS exposure had the highest mean cord blood DNA damage score (69.7 Ϯ 42.3) and poorer birth outcomes. No negative fetal growth effects appeared among newborns with low DNA damage levels. Among newborns with high DNA damage levels (comet scores Ͼ50), those born to prenatal ETS exposure had an average reduction of 252.7 g in birth weight, 1.10 cm shorter in length and a 0.92-cm decrease in head circumference, compared to newborns with no smoking exposure. This study shows that the DNA damage scores can be used as an effect-modifier on the relationships between ETS exposure and adverse birth outcome. The association appears more apparent for the ETS exposure in relation with more severe DNA damage. S tudies have suggested adverse reproductive outcomes among newborns in relation to maternal cigarette smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure during pregnancy. Most of these studies are based on self-reported smoking status, and serum or urinary cotinine levels as the exposure measures (1-6). Some studies failed to find a significant association (7-11). The discrepancy could be explained by the variability of study populations, sample size, study design, and individual susceptibility (12,13). Other markers linking the association between smoking and/or ETS and pregnant outcomes deserve exploration.Cigarette smoke contains more than 4000 chemicals (14), including carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), arylmines, N-nitrosamines (15,16), and aromatic amines. These compounds can cross the placenta and experimental animal studies have indicated that the fetus and newborn are more susceptible to carcinogens than adults (17)(18)(19). A study of white population showed that there is an increased susceptibility to DNA damage from PAHs and the diminished ability to clear ETS components for the fetus (20). de la Chica et al. found that maternal smoking exposure increase structural chromosomal abnormalities and chromosomal lesions in fetus (21). However, the effect of genotoxicity determined by comet assay for infants with prenatal smoking exposure has not been well documented. The comet assay is a sensitive technique allowing the detection of DNA damage at the single cell level. This assay is also effective in detecting DNA damage induced by tobacco smoke toxicants in white blood cells (22).The smoking prevalence among women in Taiwan has recently increased to 5.95%, and as many as 42.4% of women are daily exposed to ETS (23). Another studies in Taiwan showed that 58% of pregnant women and 57% of neversmoked wo...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Prenatal Smoking Exposure and Neonatal DNA Damage in Relation to Birth Outcomes

Tsui

Lin

et al. 2008

Pediatr Res

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“…The harmful effect of tobacco smoke exposure in children during and after pregnancy is one of the most important topics in public health policies (5,14,(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lazzaroni et al carried out a prospective study, investigating the effect of passive smoking during pregnancy on a set of perinatal parameters: it showed a mean reduction of 16 g in birth weight and a decrease in birth length of 0.05 cm for each hour of antenatal passive smoke exposure but no or slight effects were reported for the other perinatal parameters considered (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Smoking and Socio-Demographic Characteristics in Correlation with Low Birth Weight: A Turin (Piedmont) Study

Mannocci

Vaschetto

Semyonov

et al. 2014

Slovenian Journal of Public Health

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Key words: low birth weight, maternal smoking, newborn, pregnancy, risk factorsIntroduction. 15 to 25% of women smoke during pregnancy. Scientific evidence suggests that exposure to smoking causes decreased birth weight. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between smoking during pregnancy, maternal sociodemographic characteristics, and low birth weight.Methods. Data were derived from 1572 questionnaires administered to each woman that gave birth at the Gynecology Teaching Hospital "S. Anna" in Turin (Italy) during the period from 2008 to 2010. Multiple logistic analysis was used to evaluate the association between socio-demographic characteristics and birth weight; the stepwise approach with a "backward elimination" procedure was followed, and the goodness of fit of the model was estimated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.Results. The univariate analysis revealed that smoking cigarettes (17%), having a lower educational level (13%), and female sex of the infant (13%) seem to be risk factors, as they increase the risk of having a low birth weight child. Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age and maternal smoking are the statistically associated variables. Conclusions.The results confirmed that birth weight increases proportionally with the length of the gestational age and that maternal smoking and the child's sex (female) increase the risk of having a lower birth weight. Logistic regression demonstrated that the association between maternal smoking and low birth weight shows an increased risk for the whole population (OR=2.85), for male (OR=3.45) and for female newborns (OR=2.44). (RO = 2,85), tako za novorojenčke moškega (RO = 3,45) kot tudi ženskega spola (RO = 2,44). IZVLEČEK

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“…Chen and Petitti 16) showed that the relative risk (RR) for term small-forgestational-age infants in association with passive smoke exposure was 0.47. In contrast, many other studies 4,6,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] have shown that ETSexposure during pregnancy harmfully affected fetal growth. These studies, however, ranged from studies claiming rather large effects to those showing small effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Maternal Active and Passive Smoking and Fetal Growth: A Prospective Study in Nagoya, Japan.

Matsubara

Kida²,

Tamakoshi

et al. 2000

Journal of Epidemiology

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In order to examine the effect of maternal active and passive smoking on fetal growth, we carried out a population-based cohort study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 15,207 women who notified their pregnancy from April, 1989 to March, 1991. A total of 7,411 mother-singleton infant pairs were analyzed in this study. Paternal smoking status and maternal hours exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) were used as indicators of passive smoking.Infants born to active smoking mothers were 96 g lighter, on an average, at birth than those born to non-smokers, and the relative risk for intrauterine growth retardation was 1.79 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-3.04) among active smoking mothers.Infants with smoking fathers weighted 11 g lighter, on an average, than those with non-smoking fathers, and mean birth weight of infants was reduced by 19 g among mothers exposed to ETS. The relative risk for intrauterine growth retardation in non-smoking pregnants with a smoking husband and those exposed to ETS was 0.95 (95% Cl = 0.72-1.26) and 0.95 (95% Cl = 0.71-1.26), respectively. Our findings indicated an adverse effect of maternal active smoking on fetal growth in Japanese pregnant population, but with small influence of maternal passive smoking.

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Effect of Passive Smoking during Pregnancy on Selected Perinatal Parameters

Cited by 44 publications

References 6 publications

Prenatal Smoking Exposure and Neonatal DNA Damage in Relation to Birth Outcomes

Prenatal Smoking Exposure and Neonatal DNA Damage in Relation to Birth Outcomes

Maternal Smoking and Socio-Demographic Characteristics in Correlation with Low Birth Weight: A Turin (Piedmont) Study

Maternal Active and Passive Smoking and Fetal Growth: A Prospective Study in Nagoya, Japan.

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