Effect of Particle Size on the Oil Yield and Catechin Compound Using Accelerated Solvent Extraction

Abstract

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan saiz zarah ke atas pengekstrakan sebatian catechin daripada biji Areca catechu L. dengan menggunakan Pengekstrakan Pelarut Terpecut (PPT). Saiz zarah biji Areca catechu dipelbagaikan dari 75 μm sehingga 500 μm. Pengekstrakan telah dijalankan padaparameter tetap iaitu suhu (140oC), tekanan (1500 psi), masa (10 minit), isipadu semburan (60%) dan satu kitaran pengekstrakan, masing-masing. Hasil minyak peratusan yang lebih tinggi adalah 300 mg minyak / gram sampel (30.00% pati minyak) ditemui pada 125 μm. Walaubagaimanapun, kandungan catechin dalam pati minyak hanya 0.0375 mg catechin / gram sampel. Saiz zarah yang terbaik dalam julat uji kaji ini telah dikenal pasti pada 500 μm yang memberikan kandungan catechin yang tinggi iaitu 0.0515 mg catechin / gram sampel dari 247.5 mg minyak / gram sampel (24.75% pati minyak). Kata kunci: Saiz zarah; catechin; LC-MS-TOF; pengekstrakan pelarut terpecut The purpose of this work is to investigate the effects of particle size on the extraction of catechincompound from Areca catechu L. seeds by using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE). The particle sizes of Areca catechu L. seeds are varied from 75 µm until 500 µm. The extraction is conducted at fixed parameters which are temperature (140oC), pressure (1500 psi), extraction time (10 minutes), flush volume (60%) and the static cycle is done for 1 extraction cycle respectively. Higher percentage oil yield of 300mg oil/gram of sample (30.00% oil yield) is found at 125 µm. However, the amount of catechin in oil yields is only 0.0375 mg of catechin/gram of sample. The best of particle size within the experimental range has been identified at 500 µm which gives a high content of catechin with 0.0515 mg Catechin/gram of sample from 247.5 mg oil/gram of sample (24.75% oil yield). Keywords: Particle size; catechin; LC-MS-TOF; accelerated solvent extraction

Effects of Particle Size, Solvent Type, and Extraction Temperature on the Extraction of Crude Cannabis Oil, Cannabinoids, and Terpenes

“…47 Meziane et al 48 showed that reducing the particle size of olive cake biomass from 1.69 to 0.69 mm caused a significant increase in oil yield from 25 to 51% using 96% ethyl alcohol. A similar observation was made by Yunus et al 21 where reducing the particle size of dried Areca catechu seeds from 500 to 125 μm increased the extracted oil yield (%) by 21.2%. Vega and Davila 49 reported that reducing the particle size of nonpsychoactive residual cannabis biomass (stems and leaves) from 428 to 109 μm at a constant extraction time of 8 h and the solid-to-solvent ratio of 6.18 g mL −1 increased the total phenolic content from 308 to 903 mg GAE g −1 DW and total antioxidant capacity (mM Trolox) by 25%.…”

“…These changes may result in a loss of bioactivity in the material. − Cryo-grinding involves using liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ) to cool the plant material beyond the glass state before grinding. This method maintains the quality of the plant material by preserving the secondary metabolites and preventing the degradation of the cannabinoids. ,, The particle size of the biomass sample affects and regulates the mass transfer kinetics and solvent availability in the extractable components …”

“…10,19,20 The particle size of the biomass sample affects and regulates the mass transfer kinetics and solvent availability in the extractable components. 21 Extraction solvent selection plays a crucial role in influencing and maximizing the extraction process and yield. 22,23 The extraction of secondary metabolites depends on the solvation power and affinity of the solvent used.…”

Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of oil from hempseed (Cannabis sativaL.): Part 1

“…Moreover, when an unstable dispersion is subjected to a mechanical action, an increase in the effective surface area of the oil droplets occurs and therefore mass transport is facilitated until a turnaround is observed, due to the previously described compaction of the solid phase. This hypothesis is supported by other authors 33 …”

The effect of the size of the red bajakah powder (Uncaria acida (Hunter) Roxb) on the quality of the tea produced

“…The results of the steeping also showed that the smaller the size of the powder, the red color was more intense. This is because the smaller the powder size, the larger the extract that comes out [25,26] . Furthermore, the size of the powder affects the dissolution in the material, the smaller the size of the material, the greater the contact between the surfaces of the material with water so that the solvent will easily break down the walls of the material so that the color will come out [27] .…”