Effect of particle shape on the particle size distribution measured with commercial equipment

Naito, Makio; Hayakawa, Osamu; Nakahira, Kenji; Mori, Hideki; Tsubaki, JunIchiro

doi:10.1016/s0032-5910(98)00052-7

Cited by 92 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…They preliminarily reported mono-modal and bi-modal volume-size distribution of water-insoluble particles, using a laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution analyzer. However, the use of that method for sizing irregular and colored mineral dust particles might engender large uncertainty (Konert and Vandenberghe 1997;Naito et al 1998). In this study, an image analysis using optical microscopy with a digital camera was applied, similar to that for the analysis by Yamamoto et al (2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Insoluble Particles in Spring Snow at Mt. Tateyama, Japan: Characteristics of the Shape Factors and Size Distribution in Relation with Their Origin and Transportation

Osada

2007

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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The number-size distribution and shape factors of water-insoluble particles (WIP) in four dirty snow layers in the spring of 2001 at Mt. Tateyama, Japan, were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, and using optical microscopy with a digital camera. Results show that the median aspect ratio (ratio of the longest dimension b to the orthogonal width a; b/a) of the WIP varied within 1.22-1.31. Only a few particles with an aspect ratio of more than 2.5 were observed. The median circularity factor (4pS/l 2 ; S is projection area, and l is periphery length) varied from 0.83-0.97.Combined with backward air trajectories, visibility reducing surface weather reports, additional results of rain containing Saharan dust and dry deposition samples, the number and shape factor distributions versus particle size were characterized as (1) narrower distributions of number-size and shape factors for the Saharan dust, and (2) bi-modal number-size distribution for dry deposited dust. Results suggest that the proportions of nearly spherical (higher circularity nearly 1) and less elongated (lower aspect ratio close to 1) particles were higher in the sample that had been transported a longer distance from the dust source areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Insoluble Particles in Spring Snow at Mt. Tateyama, Japan: Characteristics of the Shape Factors and Size Distribution in Relation with Their Origin and Transportation

Osada

2007

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…8,11,12,[14][15][16][17][18]20,21 Most often, the size descriptor chosen has been some variation of the equivalent circular area diameter or the equivalent spherical volume diameter.…”

Section: Implications For the Correlation Of Ld Psa Results To The Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The weaknesses of the present and past manifestations of LD psa systems include (1) intermanufacturer and system-generational result dependence [3][4][5] (differences in both the proprietary analysis algorithms and the detector configurations employed in different systems have resulted in significant differences in test results from measurements made on the same evaluation samples); (2) limit of detection 6 (subpopulations of large particles constituting up to 3% by volume of a sample can go undetected); (3) concentration dependence of results (measurements are restricted to relatively dilute samples); (4) shape dependence of results [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] (current algorithms assume spherical particle symmetry and provide inaccurate results when particle systems characterized by average aspect ratios even marginally greater than 1 are measured).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commerical reference shape standards use in the study of particle shape effect on laser diffraction particle size analysis

Kelly

Kazanjian

2006

AAPS PharmSciTech

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The purpose of this paper is to describe the use of LGC Promochem AEA 1001 to AEA 1003 monosized fiberanalog shape standards in the study of the effect of particle shape on laser diffraction (LD) particle size analysis (psa). The psa of the AEA standards was conducted using LD psa systems from Beckman Coulter, Horiba, and Malvern Instruments. Flow speed settings, sample refractive index values, and sample cell types were varied to examine the extent to which the shape effect on LD psa results is modified by these variables. The volume and number probability plots resulting from these measurements were each characterized by a spread in the particle size distribution that roughly extended from the breadth to the longest dimension of the particles. For most of the selected sample refractive index values, the volume probability plots were characterized by apparent bimodal distributions. The results, therefore, provide experimental verification of the conclusions from theoretical studies of LD psa system response to monosized elliptical particles in which this apparent bimodality was the predicted result in the case of flow-oriented particles. The data support the findings from previous studies conducted over the past 10 years that have called into question the verity of the tenets of, and therefore the value of the application of, the equivalent spherical volume diameter theory and the random particle orientation model to the interpretation of LD psa results from measurements made on nonspherical particles.

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“…For instruments that use a flow through cell for light scattering measurements, such as the Coulter® and Micromeritics®, preferential alignment of rod-shaped and platy particles in the direction of flow was noted and caused a tendency to measure only one dimension of the particle rather than a random orientation (usually the end-on dimension, based on instrument geometry) [63].…”

Section: Psd Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method development and validation for measuring the particle size distribution of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) powders.

Young¹

2005

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Currently, the critical particle properties of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) that influence deflagration-to-detonation time in exploding bridge wire detonators (EBW) are not known in sufficient detail to allow development of a predictive failure model. The specific surface area (SSA) of many PETN powders has been measured using both permeametry and gas absorption methods and has been found to have a critical effect on EBW detonator performance. The permeametry measure of SSA is a function of particle shape, packed bed pore geometry, and particle size distribution (PSD). Yet there is a general lack of agreement in PSD measurements between laboratories, raising concerns regarding collaboration and complicating efforts to understand changes in EBW performance related to powder properties.i Benchmarking of data between laboratories that routinely perform detailed PSD characterization of powder samples and the determination of the most appropriate method to measure each PETN powder are necessary to discern correlations between performance and powder properties and to collaborate with partnering laboratories. To this end, a comparison was made of the PSD measured by three laboratories using their own standard procedures for light scattering instruments. Three PETN powder samples with different surface areas and particle morphologies were characterized. Differences in bulk PSD data generated by each laboratory were found to result from variations in sonication of the samples during preparation. The effect of this sonication was found to depend on particle morphology of the PETN samples, being deleterious to some PETN samples and advantageous for others in moderation. Discrepancies in the submicronsized particle characterization data were related to an instrument-specific artifact particular to one laboratory. The type of carrier fluid used by each laboratory to suspend the PETN particles for the light scattering measurement had no consistent effect on the resulting PSD data. Finally, the SSA of the three powders was measured using both permeametry and gas absorption methods, enabling the PSD to be linked to the SSA for these PETN powders. Consistent characterization of other PETN powders can be performed using the appropriate sample-specific preparation method, so that future studies can accurately identify the effect of changes in the PSD on the SSA and ultimately model EBW performance.ii iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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Effect of particle shape on the particle size distribution measured with commercial equipment

Cited by 92 publications

References 8 publications

Water-Insoluble Particles in Spring Snow at Mt. Tateyama, Japan: Characteristics of the Shape Factors and Size Distribution in Relation with Their Origin and Transportation

Water-Insoluble Particles in Spring Snow at Mt. Tateyama, Japan: Characteristics of the Shape Factors and Size Distribution in Relation with Their Origin and Transportation

Commerical reference shape standards use in the study of particle shape effect on laser diffraction particle size analysis

Method development and validation for measuring the particle size distribution of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) powders.

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