Effect of part thickness on the microstructure and tensile properties of 316L parts produced by laser powder bed fusion

Leicht, Alexander; Pauzon, Camille Nicole Géraldine; Rashidi, Masoud; Klement, Uta; Nyborg, Lars; Hryha, Eduard

doi:10.1016/j.aime.2021.100037

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Hence, this kind of composite structure leads to a reduction in average peak strength (or load bearing properties) as compared to expected bulk values. This has been observed elsewhere [14], where the tensile yield strength also started to drop when specimens were reduced in section thickness, and a similar phenomenon could be the reason. When adding surface treatments to this loading condition, sandblasting supposedly creates a work-hardened surface, which should improve the properties of the surface [29,30], but the overall effect on compressive peak strength is limited as the blasting effect is normally shallow.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…However, creating better surfaces is not the only application for AM materials, and it may create limitations for other properties, such as compressive properties or a drop in yield resistance for thin-wall structures. It has been shown that a reduction in tensile yield strength is observed when the thickness of samples is reduced [14,15]. Further, to prove that contour scanning has a decisive role to play, Figure 11 clearly shows that just by improving the surface roughness (sandblasting), there is a negligible increase in compressive properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In conventional manufacturing techniques, a generic size effect is established, which explains a reduction in yield strength due to the difference in dislocation cells between the surface to the interior of the part, which causes a change in the plastic regime [12,13]. For LB-PBF processed 316L stainless steel, it was shown that lowering the part thickness showed a drop in the yield strength [14,15]. A decrease in yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and stiffness by nearly a factor of two was observed as part thickness was scaled down from 6.25 mm to 0.4 mm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, surface roughness and higher defect per unit thickness did not completely explain this drop, as this drop stayed consistent after sandblasting the samples too, which should have improved the surface roughness. Additionally, as-printed LB-PBF 316L stainless steel was also seen to have near full density (>99.9%) with negligible defects [14,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Surface Sandblasting and Turning on Compressive Strength of Thin 316L Stainless Steel Shells Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Mehta

Hryha

Nyborg

et al. 2021

Metals

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This study evaluates the effect of post-manufacturing treatment on the compressive performance of additively manufactured components. The components were thin cylindrical shells with an aspect ratio of 25:1 manufactured using laser powder bed fusion and that were then surface treated by means of sandblasting or turning. The as-printed and subsequently surface treated samples were uniaxially compressed until failure to depict the effect of the surface condition on the compressive mechanical behavior. The results show that as the surfaces became smoother via sandblasting, the average peak strength for buckling load improves negligibly (0.85%), whereas this effect reaches 6.5% upon surface layer removal via turning. Through microstructural investigation and co-relating this with an understanding of processing conditions existing in manufacturing itself, this effect is seen to be linked to contour scanning causing softening of the surface region in a component.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Surface Sandblasting and Turning on Compressive Strength of Thin 316L Stainless Steel Shells Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Mehta

Hryha

Nyborg

et al. 2021

Metals

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Although the trend is accepted for these two building orientations, is it unclear for intermediate angles [3]. The influence of the specimen thickness on the mechanical response of plate samples has been investigated by few studies [4][5][6]. It has been shown that the mechanical strength increases with the thickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effects of build orientation, strain rate sensitivity and sample thickness on the mechanical behavior of 316l Stainless Steel manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

et al. 2021

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The Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) for metallic materials has grown in the past few years. However, this process influences the mechanical properties of the constitutive material and consequently those of the finished product. The influence of the thickness and the building direction of 316L Stainless Steel (SS) specimens produced by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) on the quasi-static mechanical behavior has already been reported. Considering the strain rate effect, it has been only studied for tensile properties of vertical specimens up to 102s–1. The aim of this work is to study the influence of the thickness and the building orientation at higher strain rates up to 101s–1 and up to 103s–1 for vertical specimens. Compared to conventional material, 316L SS SLM achieves equal and even better mechanical properties due to a refinement of the microstructure. Anisotropy is observed at the macroscopic level, which is explained by the microstructure with different shapes, orientation and size of grains. A minimum thickness of 0.75mm is recommended to recover the mechanical properties of the conventional 316L SS. A positive strain rate sensitivity is observed in every case. The material anisotropy and the thickness variation do not affect the strain rate sensitivity.

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Experimental Local Stability of 3D‐printed Stub Columns Stiffened by Sinusoidal Waves

Chater,

Wang,

Evernden

et al. 2023

ce papers

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Traditional structural steel manufacturing routes typically produce prismatic members comprising of flat plates. Under compressive actions, the capacity of these sections is often dominated by plate instability of the lowest buckling mode. To validate a new plate strengthening method by assigning ‘higher‐order’ 2D sinusoidal waves to plated structures, this study involves experimental testing of 3 prismatic SHS stub columns and 6 non‐prismatic members strengthened by this method. The test samples were 3D printed in 316L stainless steel using Selective Laser Melting. Tensile coupon tests were carried out on samples printed from the same material to obtain the material properties. It was found that the yield strength increases with the plate thickness whilst ultimate strength remains approximately unchanged. The stub column test results show that assigning 2D sinusoidal waves to EAS flanges can bring different levels of strength enhancement compared to their prismatic counterparts, depending on the section slenderness and the wave amplitude. The best case evaluated within this study indicated a strength gain of 31% over the prismatic section with only a 3.2% increase in used material. It makes an important step in bringing this technology towards feasibility by verifying previous numerical results, paving the way towards unprecedented efficiency in future steel structures.

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Effect of part thickness on the microstructure and tensile properties of 316L parts produced by laser powder bed fusion

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Surface Sandblasting and Turning on Compressive Strength of Thin 316L Stainless Steel Shells Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Effect of Surface Sandblasting and Turning on Compressive Strength of Thin 316L Stainless Steel Shells Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

On the effects of build orientation, strain rate sensitivity and sample thickness on the mechanical behavior of 316l Stainless Steel manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

Experimental Local Stability of 3D‐printed Stub Columns Stiffened by Sinusoidal Waves

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