Effect of Paraquat on Glutathione Activity in Japanese Quail

Galvani, P.; Cassani, Andrea; Fumagalli, P; Santagostino, A.

doi:10.1007/s001289910012

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…GR activity was increased in callus tissue cultures treated with all the tested herbicides ( Figure 5C). Paraquat promotes GSH oxidation, as has been noted previously by other authors (Burke et al, 1985;Galvani et al, 2000;Palmeira et al, 1994b). Therefore, the GR activity stimulation may occur as a cellular response to an intracellular decrease of GSH.…”

Section: Article In Presssupporting

confidence: 68%

Comparative effects of the herbicides dicamba, 2,4-D and paraquat on non-green potato tuber calli

Peixoto

Gomes-Laranjo

Vicente

et al. 2008

Journal of Plant Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe effects of the herbicides 1,1 0 -dimethyl-4,4 0 -bipyridylium dichloride (paraquat), 3,6-dichloro-2-metoxybenzoic acid (dicamba) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on cell growth of non-green potato tuber calli are described. We attempted to relate the effects with toxicity, in particular the enzymes committed to the cellular antioxidant system. Cell cultures were exposed to the herbicides for a period of 4 weeks. Cellular integrity on the basis of fluorescein release was strongly affected by 2,4-D, followed by dicamba, and was not affected by paraquat. However, the three herbicides decreased the energy charge, with paraquat and 2,4-D being very efficient. Paraquat induced catalase (CAT) activity at low concentrations (1 mM), whereas at higher concentrations, inhibition was observed. Dicamba and 2,4-D stimulated CAT as a function of concentration. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was strongly stimulated by paraquat, whereas dicamba and 2,4-D were efficient only at higher concentrations. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity was induced by all the herbicides, suggesting that glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes are putatively involved in the detoxification of these herbicides. Paraquat slightly inhibited glutathione S-transferase (GST), whereas 2,4-D and dicamba promoted significant activation. These results indicate that the detoxifying mechanisms for 2,4-D and dicamba may be different from the mechanisms of paraquat detoxification. However, the main cause of cell death induced by paraquat and 2,4-D is putatively related with the cell energy charge decrease.

show abstract

Section: Article In Presssupporting

confidence: 68%

Comparative effects of the herbicides dicamba, 2,4-D and paraquat on non-green potato tuber calli

Peixoto

Gomes-Laranjo

Vicente

et al. 2008

Journal of Plant Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It should also be noted that none of the studied parameters was affected by the low PQ treatment despite sample sizes comparable to those of most biomedical studies. Similar to the findings of the current study, PQ treatment did not affect plasma MDA in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) (Galvani et al, 2000). However, in that study an increase in lung MDA content was detected, so we cannot exclude the possibility that PQ treatment in greenfinches might have increased lipid peroxidation in tissues other than blood.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

On the methodological limitations of detecting oxidative stress: effects of paraquat on measures of oxidative status in greenfinches

Meitern

Sild

Kilk

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYOxidative stress (OS) is widely believed to be responsible for the generation of trade-offs in evolutionary ecology by means of constraining investment into a number of components of fitness. Yet, progress in understanding the true role of OS in ecology and evolution has remained elusive. Interpretation of current findings is particularly hampered by the scarcity of experiments demonstrating which of the many available parameters of oxidative status respond most sensitively to and are relevant for measuring OS. We addressed these questions in wild-caught captive greenfinches (Carduelis chloris) by experimental induction of OS by administration of the pro-oxidant compound paraquat with drinking water. Treatment induced 50% mortality, a significant drop in body mass and an increase in oxidative DNA damage and glutathione levels in erythrocytes among the survivors of the high paraquat (0.2gl -1 over 7days) group. Samples taken 3days after the end of paraquat treatment showed no effect on the peroxidation of lipids (plasma malondialdehyde), carbonylation of proteins (in erythrocytes), parameters of plasma antioxidant protection (total antioxidant capacity and oxygen radical absorbance), uric acid or carotenoids. Our findings of an increase in one marker of damage and one marker of protection from the multitude of measured variables indicate that detection of OS is difficult even under the most stringent experimental induction of oxidative insult. We hope that this study highlights the need for reconsideration of over-simplistic models of OS and draws attention to the limitations of detection of OS due to time-lagged and hormetic upregulation of protective mechanisms. This study also underpins the diagnostic value of measurement of oxidative damage to DNA bases and assessment of erythrocyte glutathione levels.

show abstract

“…In addition, a time-dependent reduction in the GSH levels was observed in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) upon exposure to paraquat, a herbicide. This suggests that alterations in GSH levels may be used to predict exposure to free-radical-generating agents that cause oxidative stress (Galvani et al 2000). GSH is a major antioxidant in aerobic organisms that associates with free radicals and metals in order to protect cells from damage (Klaassen et al 1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of oxidative status associated with metal pollution in the blood of the white stork (Ciconia ciconia) in Spain

Resino

Hernández‐Moreno

Castellano

et al. 2015

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effect of Paraquat on Glutathione Activity in Japanese Quail

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Comparative effects of the herbicides dicamba, 2,4-D and paraquat on non-green potato tuber calli

Comparative effects of the herbicides dicamba, 2,4-D and paraquat on non-green potato tuber calli

On the methodological limitations of detecting oxidative stress: effects of paraquat on measures of oxidative status in greenfinches

Biomarkers of oxidative status associated with metal pollution in the blood of the white stork (Ciconia ciconia) in Spain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About