We investigate the low-lying 2 + states of N = 28 isotones ( 48 Ca, 46 Ar, 44 S and 42 Si) with using the canonical-basis time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory in which the pairing is taken into account self-consistently. The quadrupole mode with very small excitation energies emerges in 46
IntroductionThe low-energy excited modes are quite sensitive to the underlying shell structure and the pairing correlations, and hence, the quenched magic shell gaps of unstable nuclei should generate unique collective modes. One of the interesting example is the N=28 shell gap that is known to be quenched in the vicinity of 44 S, and has been paid considerable experimental [1] and theoretical attention [2].Since there is a ∆l=2 difference of orbital angular momentum between f 7/2 and p 3/2 states, the quench of N=28 shell gap will induce the strong quadrupole correlation in the low-lying state. Furthermore, the protons in Si, S and Ar isotopes occupy the middle of the sd-shell, and hence, the strong quadrupole correlation should also exist in the proton side. Therefore, when the N=28 shell gap is quenched, the strong quadrupole correlations among protons and neutrons will be ignited and can be expected to lead to a variety of the excitation modes. Indeed, various exotic phenomena such as the shape transition in Si and S isotopes and the shape coexistence are theoretically suggested [3].We investigate the low-lying quadrupole excitation (E2) modes in 46 Ar, 44 S and 42 Si generated by the strong quadrupole correlation between protons and neutrons. To access the E2 modes, we use the canonical-basis time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (Cb-TDHFB) theory [4] which can be successfully applied to the study of the dipole and quadrupole modes of even-even isotopes [4][5][6].