Effect of oxytocin treatment in sows on umbilical cord morphology, meconium staining, and neonatal mortality of piglets

Mota-Rojas, Daniel; Martı́nez-Burnes, Julio; Ortega, María Elena Trujillo; Alonso-Spilsbury, M.; Ramírez-Necoechea, R.; Lopez, Alfonso

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2002.63.1571

Cited by 99 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This is emphasized by the finding that over 90% of the intra-partum stillborn piglets are born with a ruptured umbilical cord [17]. Mota-Rojas et al [18] provided indirect evidence for the vital importance of the umbilical cord by demonstrating that administration of oxytocin resulted in a significantly higher percentage of stillbirths with haemorrhage and rupture of the umbilical cord. In piglets born alive but with broken umbilical cords, significantly lower pH values at birth have been found [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Umbilical cord clamping in term piglets: A useful model to study perinatal asphyxia?

et al. 2008

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Perinatal asphyxia results in tissue and cellular changes during the reperfusion period and clinical signs like perinatal mortality and decreased vitality at birth in newborn piglets. This study aimed to develop and validate a model of birth asphyxia, mimicking the evolvement of birth asphyxia in natural farrowings by conducting umbilical cord clamping (UCC) in term piglets during caesarean sections under general anaesthesia. In total 23 piglets were subjected to 5-8 min of UCC and 24 piglets served as controls. Acid-base balance values and heart rates measured before UCC remained fairly constant throughout the surgical procedure, indicating nearly identical starting conditions of piglets within and between litters. UCC resulted in a significant, mild, mixed respiratory-metabolic acidosis (pH 7.22, pCO 2 9.8 kPa, BE ecf 2 mmol/L, lactate 6.5 mmol/L; controls: pH 7.31, pCO 2 8.5 kPa, BE ecf 5 mmol/L, lactate 4 mmol/L) at 10 min after birth (defined as simultaneous cutting of the umbilical cord and removal of a plastic bag that had been placed over the head to avoid air intake). Heart rates were significantly decreased during UCC (range: 83-107 beats/min versus 128-134 beats/ min in controls). Rectal temperatures and changes in body weight until 72 h of life were not affected by UCC. Interestingly, four control and seven clamped piglets did not survive as no independent respiration could be attained. Birth weights and duration of UCC of these piglets did not differ significantly from those in surviving control and clamped piglets. In conclusion the mixed respiratory-metabolic acidosis arising in the surviving clamped piglets is not as severe as can be expected in highly asphyxiated, vaginally delivered newborn piglets. Repeatability of the model is compromised by considerable variation in the individual response to UCC. #

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Umbilical cord clamping in term piglets: A useful model to study perinatal asphyxia?

et al. 2008

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“…The latter were classified according to criteria previously described in detail elsewhere (Mota-Rojas et al, 2002;Mota-Rojas et al, 2005). Briefly, type-I stillbirths occur in the prepartum period whereas type-II stillbirths occur during parturition and they are generally associated with anoxia and dystocia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also being used in more than 80% of swine farms in United States for complementing normal parturition (Straw et al, 2000), probably in attempt to decrease the approximately 5-15% of stillbirths observed in such farms (Leman et al, 1972). However, although administration of oxytocin to parturient sows reduced duration of labor, mortality of the offspring remained unchanged (Randall, 1972;Gilbert, 1999;Mota-Rojas et al, 2002). A critical aspect to be noticed in these studies is that oxytocin was administered at the beginning of labor, when more than 10 piglets still remained to be born.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of time at which oxytocin is administered during labor on uterine activity and perinatal death in pigs

et al. 2007

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Oxytocin is extensively used to induce or augment uterine contractions, especially to facilitate the third stage of labor in humans. Administration of oxytocin to parturient sows reduces duration of labor whereas mortality of the offspring may remain unchanged. This study aimed to evaluate whether time of administration of oxytocin during parturition may alter the uterine response and fetal outcomes. Two hundred parturient sows were randomly assigned to intramuscularly receive either saline solution (control group) or oxytocin 0.083 IU/kg immediately after the delivery of the 1 st , 4 th or 8 th piglet (groups O-1, O-4 and O-8, respectively). Uterine effects and fetal outcomes were registered in all groups. The duration of labor was 20-40 min shorter (P < 0.0001) and time interval between babies was reduced by 3-5 min (P < 0.0001) in the three groups receiving oxytocin. The duration and intensity of contractions, meconium-stained piglets and intrapartum deaths decreased as time at which oxytocin administered during labor was increased. In group O-8, we observed approximately 70% less meconium-stained piglets and intrapartum deaths than in the control group. In conclusion, oxytocin administered at early phases of parturition to sows may increase duration and intensity of uterine contractions as well as adverse fetal outcomes.

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“…The overall duration of parturition was registered as the time elapsed (min) from the rupture of amniotic membrane to the expulsion of placenta. Stillbirths were classified a s type I or before parturition deaths and intra-partum or type I1 following criteria previously described by Mota-Rojas et al (2002;2005a;b).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foetal Monitoring, Uterine Dynamics and Reproductive Performance in Spontaneous Farrowings in Sows

Olmos-Hernández

Ortega

Alonso-Spilsbury

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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Olmos-Hernandez, A., Trujillo-Ortega, M.E., Alonso-Spilsbury, M., Sanchez-Aparicio, P., Ramirez-Necoechea, R. and Mota-Rojas, D. 2008 FCF decelerations, (0.90, P=0.004), which agrees too with a large average number of intra-partum stillbirths (0.90) found. The present study establishes the basic uterine dynamics of eutocic parturitions which may help in swine obstetrics to design uterotonic treatments reducing the stillbirth rate due to asphyxia. These findings emphasize a need for farrowing supervision, especially for first and over fifth parity sows.

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Effect of oxytocin treatment in sows on umbilical cord morphology, meconium staining, and neonatal mortality of piglets

Abstract: Oxytocin given to sows at the onset of fetal expulsion significantly increases the rate of fetal distress, anoxia, and intrapartum death in piglets.

Cited by 99 publications

References 20 publications

Umbilical cord clamping in term piglets: A useful model to study perinatal asphyxia?

Umbilical cord clamping in term piglets: A useful model to study perinatal asphyxia?

Influence of time at which oxytocin is administered during labor on uterine activity and perinatal death in pigs

Foetal Monitoring, Uterine Dynamics and Reproductive Performance in Spontaneous Farrowings in Sows

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