Effect of Oxytocin Replacement on Lactation in Rats Bearing Hypothalamic Lesions

Yokoyama, Akihiro; Ota, Kei

doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.6.268

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Milk ejection was blocked in the rat by lesions involving the dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei (Yokoyama & Ota, 1959) but which spared the paraventricular nucleus, suggesting destruction of neurosecretory fibres passing ventrally from the paraventricular nucleus to the pituitary stalk. In the present study we obtained near-maximal milk-ejection responses after stimu¬ lation of this region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Afferent Path of the Milk-Ejection Reflex in the Brain of the Guinea-Pig

Tindal¹,

Knaggs²,

Turvey³

1967

Journal of Endocrinology

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The afferent path of the milk-ejection reflex has been studied in the brain of the lactating guinea-pig in light pentobarbitone anaesthesia. Square\x=req-\ wave pulses were applied between an indifferent electrode in the scalp and a monopolar electrode inserted stereotaxically in the brain. The brain was transected at the mid-cerebellar level to eliminate activation of the sympathetico-adrenal system, and milk-ejection pressure was monitored to detect release of neurohypophysial hormone(s).The afferent path of the reflex in the caudal midbrain was very compact and lay in the lateral tegmentum. More rostrally, milk-ejection responses were obtained from the tectum and mesencephalic central grey, but the major pathway remained in the lateral tegmentum and passed forward to lie ventromedial to the medial geniculate body, after which it divided into two components which we have termed the dorsal and ventral paths.The dorsal path traversed dorsomedially across the brainstem to reach the parafascicular thalamic nucleus, the extreme rostral central grey and the periventricular region at the meso-diencephalic boundary, and then continued forward to reach the pituitary stalk and the medial and dorsal hypothalamus. The ventral path traversed ventromedially to enter the subthalamus and then the lateral hypothalamus, in which it passed both to the rostral basal diencephalon and to the pituitary stalk.In the diencephalon, milk-ejection responses were obtained after stimulation of part of the ventral thalamus, the lateral, dorsal and anterior hypothalamic areas, the dorsomedial, ventromedial, arcuate, supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, and the pituitary stalk.It is suggested from these findings that in the guinea-pig the suckling stimulus ascends by the spinothalamic system, and continues rostrally to relay with the medial and ventral thalamus, the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus and the medial forebrain bundle. Other ascending pathways in the medial lemniscus and mammillary peduncle may also be involved, but appear to be of only minor significance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Afferent Path of the Milk-Ejection Reflex in the Brain of the Guinea-Pig

Tindal¹,

Knaggs²,

Turvey³

1967

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…This is followed by regression as weaning commences, which is completed after involution during which the breast regresses to a resting state [32]. Normally, mammary glands of lactating rats enter involution following the cessation of suckling, however, OT administration in lactating rats after removal of their litters (which mimics the weaning process) results in a delay of involution [33], an effect also observed in other studies [34][35][36]. These data suggest a role of OT in maintaining and modulating the status of the mammary gland.…”

Section: Ot and Breast Developmentmentioning

confidence: 52%

The oxytocin receptor signalling system and breast cancer: a critical review

et al. 2020

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Breast cancer is making up one-quarter of all new female cancer cases diagnosed worldwide. Breast cancer surgeries, radiation therapies, cytotoxic chemotherapies and targeted therapies have made significant progress and play a dominant role in breast cancer patient management. However, many challenges remain, including resistance to systemic therapies, tumour recurrence and metastasis. The cyclic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) elicits a plethora of biological responses via the oxytocin receptor (OTR) in both the central and peripheral nervous system, including social bonding, stress, maternal behaviour, sexual activity, uterus contraction, milk ejection and cancer. As a typical member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, OTR represents also an intriguing target for cancer therapy. There is emerging evidence that OTR plays a role in breast cancer development and progression, and several breast cancer cell lines express OTR. However, despite supporting evidence that OT lowers breast cancer risks, its mechanistic role in breast cancer development and the related signalling pathways are not fully understood. Here, we review the current knowledge of the OT/OTR signalling system in healthy breast tissue as well as in breast cancer, and discuss OTR as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer management.

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Neural and Hormonal Basis of Maternal Behavior in the Rat

Slotnick

1975

Hormonal Correlates of Behavior

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Effect of Oxytocin Replacement on Lactation in Rats Bearing Hypothalamic Lesions

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

The Afferent Path of the Milk-Ejection Reflex in the Brain of the Guinea-Pig

The Afferent Path of the Milk-Ejection Reflex in the Brain of the Guinea-Pig

The oxytocin receptor signalling system and breast cancer: a critical review

Neural and Hormonal Basis of Maternal Behavior in the Rat

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