Effect of oxidized paraffin wax on the thermal and mechanical properties of linear low-density polyethylene–layered silicate nanocomposites

Luyt, A. S.; Geethamma, V. G.

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2006.12.015

Cited by 44 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…To overcome this problem, maleic anhydride modified polyolefins have been used as compatibilizers. [15][16][17] Basically, there are three methods used to produce the filled polymer: (i) melt mixing; (ii) solution blending; and (iii) in situ polymerization. In the research, solution blending method, which utilize a solvent to dissolve the polymer and disperse xGnP, was used for LLDPE and xGnP mixing without any compatibilizers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional xGnP/LLDPE Nanocomposites Prepared by Solution Compounding Using Various Screw Rotating Systems

Kim

Drzal

2009

Macro Materials & Eng

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xGnP‐Reinforced LLDPE nanocomposites have been prepared using co‐, counter‐ and modified co‐rotating screw systems. The highest tensile strength and modulus were shown in the case of composites made by counter‐rotating screws. The percolation threshold of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet/LLDPE nanocomposites was between 12 and 15 wt.‐%. The change of crystallinity caused by exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet loading was monitored using DSC and XRD. It was found that solution mixing showed better dispersion of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets than melt mixing, and counter‐rotating screws produced better dispersion of the exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets than co‐ and modified co‐rotating screws even though bubbling appeared during mixing in the barrel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional xGnP/LLDPE Nanocomposites Prepared by Solution Compounding Using Various Screw Rotating Systems

Kim

Drzal

2009

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…Fillers often increase the performance of polymeric products. The addition of inorganic filler to polymers has received considerable attention lately [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . Inorganic fillers are added to commercial thermoplastics and thermosetting resins for economical reasons as well as in order to favourably modify certain properties such as mechanical, electrical and thermal properties [10] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polyethylene-Grafted Maleic Anhydride (PE-g-MAH) on Properties of Low Density Polyethylene/Eggshell Powder (LDPE/ESP) Composites

Supri

Ismail

Shuhadah

2010

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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The effect of polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MAH) on the tensile properties, morphology and thermal properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/eggshell powder (ESP) composites was studied. LDPE/ESP composites with different eggshell powder content and the addition of PE-g-MAH were prepared with Z-blade mixer at 180 C and rotor speed of 50 rpm. The tensile strength, elongation at break and thermal stability of LDPE/ESP composites with PE-g-MAH were greater than LDPE/ESP composites, and their differences became more pronounced at higher filler content. The interfacial adhesion between ESP and LDPE was improved with the addition of PE-g-MAH as evidenced by the morphological study.

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“…It seems that the small polar wax chains (having very low viscosity values, as reported in the experimental part), by strong interaction with the organic modifier, are able to penetrate the clay layers (the interlayer distance increase), but are not able to separate the layers into the clay tactoids, see Figure 9. Considering the strongly polar nature of the amphiphilic block co-polymer chains, it also could be hypothesized that the presence of wax chaina in the clay galleries inhibits the penetration of the polyethylene chains into the tactoid galleries; a similar hypothesis was made by Luyt and Geethamma [25]. In order to better explain the hypothesis of the easier intercalation into the clay galleries, but no exfoliation ability, of the TEG amphiphilic block co-polymer molecules than the PEgMA or EAA long polymeric chains, in Figure 9, the possible formation clay morphology in the nanocomposites is shown.…”

Section: Morphological Analysis 341 X-ray Analysismentioning

confidence: 81%

“…When polymer melt and filler are not well adherent, e.g. in the case of a non-polar matrix such as polyolefins containing polar particles such as nanoclays, use of an adhesion promoter or compatibilizer, having polar groups is necessary [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. In order to modify the clay morphology and consequently the final macroscopic properties in clay filled polyethylene, different commercial compatibilizers have been used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…et al [24] concluded that the barrier and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites prepared with commercial grade oxidized polyethylene were better than those prepared with maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene. Furthermore, Luyt and Geethamma [25] have reported that the presence of oxidized paraffin slightly reduces the thermal stability of the LLDPE/clay sample. In this work the use of a polar wax, e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of different dispersing additives on the morphology and the properties of polyethylene-based nanocomposite films

Dintcheva¹,

Mantia²,

Malatesta³

2011

Express Polym. Lett.

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It has been reported that thermoplastics filled with nanometer-sized materials show properties different from those of thermoplastics filled with conventional microsized particles. The incorporation of nanosized fillers has, indeed, been shown to have significant effects not only on some mechanical and thermomechanical properties e.g. elastic modulus, heat deflection temperature, but also on the transparency and haze characteristics of the polymers films. It is well documented that nanoclay incorporation into polymer films significantly enhances transparency, reduces haze and sizeably increases the film barrier properties. Clays, being hydrophilic, are easier to be nano-disperded in polar polymers. On the other hand preparation of clay-based nanocomposites by melt processing of polyolefins (PO's), thermoplastic olefins (TPO's) and other non-polar polymers is a technologically challenging task as the clay silicate layers have to be exfoliated by pure mechanical shear during the extrusion of the polymer. Extrusion conditions, extruder screw type and design strongly affect the exfoliation extent. In order to improve exfoliation, use of the more polar Abstract. In this work, the use of a polar wax, e.g. amphiphilic Tegomer ® E 525 (TEG) is investigated with the aim of modifying, and possibly improving, the dispersion of an organically modified nanoclay (OMMT), loaded at 5 wt%, in a polyethylene matrix (PE) at relatively low loading levels. We have indeed found that the incorporation of low loadings, e.g. 0.5 wt%, of TEG, an amphiphilic block co-polymer, into a PE/OMMT sample results in a substantial improvement of the clay dispersion in the nanocomposite and, consequently, of the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the films. The achieved results are comparable to those obtained for systems containing traditional dispersing agents such as maleated PE (PEgMA) and ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (EAA), at higher loadings, i.e. at 5 wt%. It has also been found that by increasing the polar wax content, i.e. 1-5 wt%, no useful improvement in the mechanical behaviour and morphology of the PE films was obtained. At high loadings of the polar wax relatively the short chains are arranged into the clay particles galleries and intercalation of the polyethylene chains between the clay platelets may be hindered. Additionally at high TEG loadings, the presence of the new polar groups of the wax also on external surfaces of the clay particles is expected to promote aggregation of the clay particles, with a loss of the beneficial effect of the more dispersed clay particles on the polymer mechanical/thermomechanical properties. The reported results strongly indicate that the amphiphilic TEG dispersing additive, may advantageously be used, at substantially lower loadings, as an alternative to incumbent PEgMA in the formulation of nanocomposites to improve their macroscopic performances.

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Effect of oxidized paraffin wax on the thermal and mechanical properties of linear low-density polyethylene–layered silicate nanocomposites

Cited by 44 publications

References 13 publications

Multifunctional xGnP/LLDPE Nanocomposites Prepared by Solution Compounding Using Various Screw Rotating Systems

Multifunctional xGnP/LLDPE Nanocomposites Prepared by Solution Compounding Using Various Screw Rotating Systems

Effect of Polyethylene-Grafted Maleic Anhydride (PE-g-MAH) on Properties of Low Density Polyethylene/Eggshell Powder (LDPE/ESP) Composites

Effect of different dispersing additives on the morphology and the properties of polyethylene-based nanocomposite films

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