Effect of Oxide Fluxes in Activated TIG Welding of Stainless Steel 316LN to Low Activation Ferritic/Martensitic Steel (LAFM) Dissimilar Combination

Patel, Naishadh P.; Badheka, Vishvesh J.; Vora, Jay; Upadhyay, Gautam

doi:10.1007/s12666-019-01752-7

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, such spatter does not emerge in the form of molten metal droplet; instead, it comes in the form of hot oxide particle (oxide spatter). Spatter and slag formations were also observed by Patel et al during A-TIG welding of stainless steel 24) . Spatter formation tendency was found to have proportional relationship with the arc constriction capability of the concerned activating flux.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Effect of Polarity and Oxide Fluxes on Weld-bead Geometry in Activated Tungsten Inert Gas (A-TIG) Welding

Saha

Das

2020

Journal of Welding and Joining

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In activated tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) welding, a thin layer of suitable activating flux is applied over the base metal to not only enhance penetration of the molten metal into root gap by 2-3 times compared to conventional TIG welding but also reduce the weld bead width considerably. This work focuses on examining the influence of TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 and Cr 2 O 3 activating fluxes (single component) on the weld bead geometry observed during the butt joining of 6 mm thick stainless steel (306 grade) plates by A-TIG welding under direct current straight polarity (DCSP). Three weld bead morphological parameters, namely, the depth of penetration, reinforcement and weld bead width, and their ratios are considered. The results are compared with those obtained during conventional TIG welding. The TiO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 fluxes exhibit the potential capabilities in enhancing penetration, reducing weld bead width, and reducing reinforcement. The Cr 2 O 3 flux plays an insignificant role for redefining the weld bead shape, and in certain cases, this flux performs inferior compared to conventional TIG welding.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Effect of Polarity and Oxide Fluxes on Weld-bead Geometry in Activated Tungsten Inert Gas (A-TIG) Welding

Saha

Das

2020

Journal of Welding and Joining

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“…The UTS of the optimal flux (ATIG) weld (600 MPa) is close to that of base metal (624 MPa) shown in Table 9 . The ATIG welding can reduce the heat input per unit length in welds and the residual stress of the weld can be reduced [ 26 , 27 ]. On the other hand, the increase of UTS about 29 MPA in favor of ATIG comparatively to conventional TIG weld can be attributed to the increase of the retained ferrite volume proportions ATIG weld.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of TIG and ATIG Welded 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel with Multi-Components Flux Optimization Using Mixing Design Method and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)

et al. 2021

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In this study, the effects of pseudo-ternary oxides on mechanical properties and microstructure of 316L stainless steel tungsten inert gas (TIG) and activating tungsten inert gas (ATIG) welded joints were investigated. The novelty in this work is introducing a metaheuristic technique called the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method to develop a mathematical model of the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) in terms of proportions of oxides flux. A constrained optimization algorithm available in Matlab 2020 optimization toolbox is used to find the optimal percentages of the selected powders that provide the maximum UTS. The study indicates that the optimal composition of flux was: 32% Cr2O3, 43% ZrO2, 8% Si2O, and 17% CaF2. The UTS was 571 MPa for conventional TIG weld and rose to 600 MPa for the optimal ATIG flux. The obtained result of hardness for the optimal ATIG was 176 HV against 175 HV for conventional TIG weld. The energy absorbed in the weld zone during the impact test was 267 J/cm2 for the optimal ATIG weld and slightly higher than that of conventional TIG weld 256 J/cm2. Fracture surface examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows ductile fracture for ATIG weld with small and multiple dimples in comparison for TIG weld. Moreover, the depth of optimized flux is greater than that of TIG weld by two times. The ratio D/W was improved by 3.13 times. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis shows traces of the sulfur element in the TIG weld zone.

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“…In an A-TIG weldment utilizing TiO2, micro hardness values reduced from 304H ASS to P92 steel. Patel et al [25] during the dissimilar TIG welding of LAFM and 316LN plates of 6 mm thickness, the influence of single component fluxes, TiO2, Fe2O3, CuO, Co3O4, and HgO on weld shape, micro and macro structure, and micro hardness was investigated, Figure 15. The findings were compared to those obtained using a traditional TIG technique.…”

Section: Effect Of Fluxes During Tig Welding Of Dissimilar Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated flux induced Tungsten inert gas welding of Ferrous alloys - A Review

Rakesh

Rameshkumar²

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Ferrous alloys are employed in a range of fields, including aerospace, construction, automobiles and chemical processing. One of the most used welding processes for the fusion of ferrous metals is gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding or Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding. Due to the lower amount of penetration accomplished using only one pass, welding is less frequent in some industrial situations. Fluxes have been discovered to improve the penetration depth of GTA welding, resulting in increased productivity. The research on Activated flux induced TIG (A-TIG) welding of ferrous alloys is discussed in this publication. The effect of fluxes during TIG welding, the effect of weld parameters on weld morphology, and the usage of fluxes in dissimilar welds of ferrous alloys are all discussed in this study. The mechanisms involved in enhancement of penetration depth, the types of fluxes used, the effect of fluxes on mechanical properties and microstructures are discussed. The study also gives an insight on areas less explored.

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Effect of Oxide Fluxes in Activated TIG Welding of Stainless Steel 316LN to Low Activation Ferritic/Martensitic Steel (LAFM) Dissimilar Combination

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of Polarity and Oxide Fluxes on Weld-bead Geometry in Activated Tungsten Inert Gas (A-TIG) Welding

Effect of Polarity and Oxide Fluxes on Weld-bead Geometry in Activated Tungsten Inert Gas (A-TIG) Welding

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of TIG and ATIG Welded 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel with Multi-Components Flux Optimization Using Mixing Design Method and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)

Activated flux induced Tungsten inert gas welding of Ferrous alloys - A Review

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