Effect of organic solvents on growth of freshwater algae

Abou-Waly, Hoda F.

doi:10.1080/00207230008711285

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Two control treatments were included in the experiments. Control cultures (C) contained only microalgae and culture medium; solvent-control cultures (C S ) contained microalgae, culture medium and the highest methanol concentration corresponding to either M(D5þI0.5) (0.0011% methanol) or diuron 5 mg L À1 (0.001% methanol), which are more than 700 fold lower than the maximum methanol concentration recommended for algal bioassays (Abou-Waly, 2000). Five independent experiments were run in order to expose the three strains to all the treatments.…”

Section: Exposure Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal sensitivity varies between a diuron-resistant strain and two wild strains when exposed to diuron and irgarol, alone and in mixtures

Dupraz¹,

Coquillé²,

Ménard³

et al. 2016

Chemosphere

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A wild strain of Chaetoceros calcitrans and wild and diuron-resistant strains of Tetraselmis suecica, were exposed to the PSII inhibitor herbicides diuron and irgarol, individually and in mixtures. The effects of three concentrations of diuron and irgarol and four binary mixtures were evaluated on doubling time, relative reactive oxygen species and lipid content by flow cytometry, and on photosynthetic efficiency by pulse amplitude modulated fluorescence. In both wild strains, significant effects were observed for each molecule at the highest concentration tested: at irgarol 0.5 μg L(-1), C. calcitrans was shown to be more sensitive than T. suecica (+52% and +19% in doubling time, respectively), whereas at diuron 5 μg L(-1), T. suecica was more affected (+125% in doubling time) than C. calcitrans (+21%). Overall, irgarol had a higher toxicity at a lower concentration than diuron (no effect at diuron 0.5 μg L(-1)) for both wild strains. The strongest mixture (irgarol 0.5 μg L(-1) + diuron 5 μg L(-1)) increased doubling time by 356% for T. suecica, thus showing amplified effects when the two compounds were mixed. Sequencing of the diuron-resistant strain demonstrated a single mutation in the psbA gene coding sequence. Although resistance of this strain to diuron was confirmed with no effect at the highest diuron concentration, no resistance to irgarol was shown. In addition, the mutant strain exposed to the strongest mixture showed a 3.5-fold increase in doubling time compared with irgarol alone, thereby supporting the hypothesis of a biochemical interaction between these two compounds.

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Section: Exposure Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal sensitivity varies between a diuron-resistant strain and two wild strains when exposed to diuron and irgarol, alone and in mixtures

Dupraz¹,

Coquillé²,

Ménard³

et al. 2016

Chemosphere

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“…Stock solutions (500 mg•L −1 ) of diuron (>98%), Irgarol Pestanal® (≥98.4%) and S-metolachlor Pestanal® (≥98.4%), purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, were prepared in pure methanol and diluted in sterile ultrapure water (intermediate solutions) before being used in the treatments. The highest methanol concentration reached in the flasks (0.0012%) was far below the maximum concentration recommended for algal bioassays (Abou-Waly, 2000), so no solvent controls were necessary. NoDOM and DOM control treatments were carried out in quadruplicate and herbicide-exposed cultures in triplicate.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 92%