Effect of organic acids and essential oils on performance, intestinal health and digestive enzyme activities of weaned pigs

Xu, Yongdong; Liu, Li.; Long, Shenfei; Pan, Long; Piao, Xiangshu

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.10.012

Cited by 85 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The difference in values over time were considered as normal owing to the pig developmental stage [40]. Additionally, according to [44], IgA, IgG, and IgM concentrations were not influenced by supplementation of OA in weaning piglet diets, which in line with our results. The largest immunologically competent organ in the body is gut or its associated lymphoid system, and the development of immune system is associated with composition of indigenous micro flora [49].…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Properties Of The Bloodsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…According to [43] piglet diets supplemented with pectin could have negative effect on fat digestibility. A other study [44] revealed that weaning pigs fed diets containing OA had changed intestinal microbiota composition, with decreased amount of bile acid production, thus leading to negative impact on fat digestion. The OA issued from RDP diets possibly contributed to alter EE CATTD.…”

Section: Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Effect of increasing levels of rice distillers’ by-product on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile and colonic microbiota of weaned piglets

Cong

Taminiau

Kim

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets containing different wet rice distillers’ by-product (RDP) levels on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles and gut microbiome of weaned piglets.Methods: A total of 48 weaned castrated male crossbred pigs, initial body weight 7.54±0.97 kg, and age about 4 wks, were used in this experiment. The piglets were randomly allocated into three iso-nitrogenous diet groups that were fed either a control diet, a diet with 15% RDP, or a diet with 30% RDP for a total of 35 days. Chromium oxide was used for apparent digestibility measurements. On d 14 and d 35, half of the piglets were randomly selected for hemato-biochemical and gut microbiota evaluations.Results: Increasing inclusion levels of RDP tended to linearly increase (p≤0.07) average daily gain on d 14 and d 35, and decreased (p = 0.08) feed conversion ratio on d 35. Empty stomach weight increased (p = 0.03) on d 35 while digestibility of diet components decreased. Serum globulin concentration decreased on d 14 (p = 0.003) and red blood cell count tended to decrease (p = 0.06) on d 35, parallel to increase RDP levels. Gene amplicon profiling of 16S rRNA revealed that the colonic microbiota composition of weaned pigs changed by inclusion of RDP over the period. On d 14, decreased proportions of Lachnospiraceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Bacteroidales_ge, and increased proportions of Prevotellaceae_ge, Prevotella_2, and Prevotella_9 were found with inclusion of RDP, whereas opposite effect was found on d 35. Additionally, the proportion of Lachnospiraceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Bacteroidales_ge in RDP diets decreased over periods in control diet but increased largely in diet with 30% RDP.Conclusion: These results indicate that RDP in a favorable way modulate gastrointestinal microbiota composition and improve piglet performance despite a negative impact on digestibility of lipids and gross energy.

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Section: Physical and Chemical Properties Of The Bloodsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of increasing levels of rice distillers’ by-product on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile and colonic microbiota of weaned piglets

Cong

Taminiau

Kim

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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“…However, supplementation of diets with citric acid had a positive effect on the digestibility of protein, calcium and phosphorus in sows ( Liu et al., 2014a , Liu et al., 2014b ). Dietary benzoic acid has been shown to improve the apparent digestibility of Ca and P in growing pigs ( Sauer et al., 2009 , Bühler et al., 2010 , Xu et al., 2018 ), crude protein in weanling pigs ( Guggenbuhl et al., 2007 , Halas et al., 2010 , Xu et al., 2018 ), and organic matter, crude protein, ether extract and crude fiber in sows ( Kluge et al., 2010 ). Formic acid added to diets for weanling pigs may also increase intestinal microbial diversity and change concentrations of certain intestinal microbes ( Luise et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Acidifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-antibiotic feed additives in diets for pigs: A review

et al. 2018

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A number of feed additives are marketed to assist in boosting the pigs' immune system, regulate gut microbiota, and reduce negative impacts of weaning and other environmental challenges. The most commonly used feed additives include acidifiers, zinc and copper, prebiotics, direct-fed microbials, yeast products, nucleotides, and plant extracts. Inclusion of pharmacological levels of zinc and copper, certain acidifiers, and several plant extracts have been reported to result in improved pig performance or improved immune function of pigs. It is also possible that use of prebiotics, direct-fed microbials, yeast, and nucleotides may have positive impacts on pig performance, but results have been less consistent and there is a need for more research in this area.

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“…In weaned piglets, Kil et al reported that a similar dosage/blend had, as its only significant effect, the reduction of urinary-N excretion [ 9 ]. Xu et al used a blend of fumaric acid and essentials oil, and found that this formulation had a positive effect on intestinal health [ 33 ].…”

Section: Organic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation of Inorganic, Organic, and Fatty Acids in Pig: A Review

Ferronato

Prandini

2020

Animals

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Reduction of antibiotic use has been a hot topic of research over the past decades. The European ban on growth-promoter use has increased the use of feed additivities that can enhance animal growth performance and health status, particularly during critical and stressful phases of life. Pig farming is characterized by several stressful periods, such as the weaning phase, and studies have suggested that the proper use of feed additives during stress could prevent disease and enhance performance through modulation of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa and microbiome. The types of feed additive include acids, minerals, prebiotics, probiotics, yeast, nucleotides, and phytoproducts. This review focuses on commonly used acids, classified as inorganic, organic, and fatty acids, and their beneficial and potential effects, which are widely reported in the bibliography. Acids have long been used as feed acidifiers and preservatives, and were more recently introduced into feed formulated for young pigs with the goal of stabilizing the stomach pH to offset their reduced digestive capacity. In addition, some organic acids represent intermediary products of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and thus could be considered an energy source. Moreover, antimicrobial properties have been exploited to modulate microbiota populations and reduce pathogenic bacteria. Given these potential benefits, organic acids are no longer seen as simple acidifiers, but rather as growth promoters and potential antibiotic substitutes owing to their beneficial action on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

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Effect of organic acids and essential oils on performance, intestinal health and digestive enzyme activities of weaned pigs

Cited by 85 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of increasing levels of rice distillers’ by-product on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile and colonic microbiota of weaned piglets

Effect of increasing levels of rice distillers’ by-product on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile and colonic microbiota of weaned piglets

Non-antibiotic feed additives in diets for pigs: A review

Dietary Supplementation of Inorganic, Organic, and Fatty Acids in Pig: A Review

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