Effect of orexin-B-saporin-induced lesions of the lateral hypothalamus on performance on a progressive ratio schedule

Olarte-Sánchez, Cristian M.; Torres, L. Valencia; Body, S.; Cassaday, Helen J.; Bradshaw, C. M.; Szabadi, E.

doi:10.1177/0269881111409607

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(272 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our results suggest a role for LH, and especially orexin neurons, in modulating two amygdala‐dependent behaviors that are often attributed to learned attentional processes: the acquisition of conditioned ORs and the surprise‐induced enhancement of cue associability. The LH lesion effects we observed are unlikely to be related to motor consequences of orexin‐saporin LH lesions that many investigators have described (Grossberg et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ; Olarte‐Sanchez et al ., ), or the general disruption of learning, feeding, motivation and even survival often found with widespread, bilateral damage to LH (Teitelbaum & Epstein, ). Our lesioned rats showed levels of general activity similar to those of sham‐lesioned rats, no deficits in the display of unconditioned ORs, and no deficits in the acquisition of food cup responses under conditions in which associability enhancements were not expected (that is, in experiments 1 and 2, and in the consistent condition of experiment 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of lateral hypothalamus in two aspects of attention in associative learning

Wheeler

Wan

Miller

et al. 2014

Eur J of Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Orexin (hypocretin) and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons are unique to the lateral hypothalamic (LH) region, but project throughout the brain. These cell groups have been implicated in a variety of functions, including reward learning, responses to stimulants, and the modulation of attention, arousal and the sleep/wakefulness cycle. Here, we examined roles for LH in two aspects of attention in associative learning shown previously to depend on intact function in major targets of orexin and MCH neurons. In experiments 1 and 2, unilateral orexin-saporin lesions of LH impaired the acquisition of conditioned orienting responses (ORs) and bilaterally suppressed FOS expression in the amygdala central nucleus (CeA) normally observed in response to food cues that provoke conditioned ORs. Those cues also induced greater FOS expression than control cues in LH orexin neurons, but not in MCH neurons. In experiment 3, unilateral orexin-saporin lesions of LH eliminated the cue associability enhancements normally produced by the surprising omission of an expected event. The magnitude of that impairment was positively correlated with the amount of LH damage and with the loss of orexin neurons in particular, but not with the loss of MCH neurons. We suggest that the effects of the LH orexin-saporin lesions were mediated by their effect on information processing in the CeA, known to be critical to both behavioral phenomena examined here. The results imply close relations between LH motivational amplification functions and attention, and may inform our understanding of disorders in which motivational and attentional impairments co-occur.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of lateral hypothalamus in two aspects of attention in associative learning

Wheeler

Wan

Miller

et al. 2014

Eur J of Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Firstly, co-option of the linear waiting principle (Wynne et al 1996 ) enables the new model to provide a dynamic account of the progressively increasing post-reinforcement pause duration that accompanies the increasing ratio requirement specified by PR schedules. Secondly, the new model explicitly acknowledges the qualitatively different profiles of running and overall response rates that have proven to be a significant problem in applications of the FR model to PR schedule performance (Rickard et al 2009 ; Olarte-Sánchez et al 2012a , b ). Thirdly, the new model deconstructs pausing into two meaningful categories: post-reinforcement pausing, governed by the linear waiting principle, and ‘response time’ (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Post-reinforcement pause duration was measured from the end of the reinforcer delivery until the emission of the first response of the following ratio. The breakpoint was defined as the last ratio to be completed before 5 min elapsed without any responding, or, in cases where this criterion was not met within the session, the highest completed ratio (Olarte-Sánchez et al 2012a , b ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 to PR schedule performance. In particular, it has transpired that although the equation provides an adequate description of overall response rate, its fit to running response rate (response rate calculated after exclusion of the post-reinforcement pause) is poor (Rickard et al 2009 ; Olarte-Sánchez et al 2012a , b ). To address this problem, Bradshaw and Killeen ( 2012 ) developed a new model based on MPR which provides a coherent account of overall and running response rate on PR schedules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of SKF-83566 and haloperidol on performance on progressive ratio schedules maintained by sucrose and corn oil reinforcement: quantitative analysis using a new model derived from the Mathematical Principles of Reinforcement (MPR)

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RationaleMathematical models can assist the interpretation of the effects of interventions on schedule-controlled behaviour and help to differentiate between processes that may be confounded in traditional performance measures such as response rate and the breakpoint in progressive ratio (PR) schedules.ObjectiveThe effects of a D1-like dopamine receptor antagonist, 8-bromo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepin-7-ol hydrobromide (SKF-83566), and a D2-like receptor antagonist, haloperidol, on rats’ performance on PR schedules maintained by sucrose and corn oil reinforcers were assessed using a new model derived from Killeen’s (Behav Brain Sci 17:105–172, 1994) Mathematical Principles of Reinforcement.MethodSeparate groups of rats were trained under a PR schedule using sucrose or corn oil reinforcers. SKF-83566 (0.015 and 0.03 mg kg−1) and haloperidol (0.05 and 0.1 mg kg−1) were administered intraperitoneally (five administrations of each treatment). Running and overall response rates in successive ratios were analysed using the new model, and estimates of the model’s parameters were compared between treatments.ResultsHaloperidol reduced a (the parameter expressing incentive value) in the case of both reinforcers, but did not affect the parameters related to response time and post-reinforcement pausing. SKF-83566 reduced a and k (the parameter expressing sensitivity of post-reinforcement pausing to the prior inter-reinforcement interval) in the case of sucrose, but did not affect any of the parameters in the case of corn oil.ConclusionsThe results are consistent with the hypothesis that blockade of both D1-like and D2-like receptors reduces the incentive value of sucrose, whereas the incentive value of corn oil is more sensitive to blockade of D2-like than D1-like receptors.

show abstract

“…50 minute sessions took place at the same time each day during the light phase (between 08:00 and 13:00 hours) for 1 week. The breakpoint or alternatively the highest completed ratio ( Olarte-Sánchez et al., 2012 ) was defined as the last ratio completed before 5 minutes elapsed without any responding.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleus of the Solitary Tract Serotonin 5-HT2C Receptors Modulate Food Intake

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To meet the challenge to human health posed by obesity, a better understanding of the regulation of feeding is essential. Medications targeting 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) 2C receptors (htr2c; 5-HTR) improve obesity. Here we probed the functional significance of 5-HTRs specifically within the brainstem nucleus of the solitary tract (5-HTR) in feeding behavior. Selective activation of 5-HTR decreased feeding and was sufficient to mediate acute food intake reductions elicited by the 5-HTR agonist obesity medication lorcaserin. Similar to pro-opiomelanocortin neurons expressed within the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (POMC), a subset of POMC neurons co-expressed 5-HTRs and were activated by 5-HTR agonists. Knockdown of POMC prevented the acute appetite-suppressive effect of lorcaserin, whereas POMC knockdown prevented the full anorectic effect. These data identify 5-HTR as a sufficient subpopulation of 5-HTRs in reducing food intake when activated and reveal that 5-HTR agonist obesity medications require POMC within the NTS and ARC to reduce food intake.

show abstract

Effect of orexin-B-saporin-induced lesions of the lateral hypothalamus on performance on a progressive ratio schedule

Cited by 8 publications

References 94 publications

Role of lateral hypothalamus in two aspects of attention in associative learning

Role of lateral hypothalamus in two aspects of attention in associative learning

Effects of SKF-83566 and haloperidol on performance on progressive ratio schedules maintained by sucrose and corn oil reinforcement: quantitative analysis using a new model derived from the Mathematical Principles of Reinforcement (MPR)

Nucleus of the Solitary Tract Serotonin 5-HT2C Receptors Modulate Food Intake

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About