Effect of oral zinc supplementation on the growth of preterm infants

Sazawal, Sunil; Black, Robert E.

doi:10.1007/s13312-010-0139-6

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Term growth-restricted infants also have low body stores at birth due to compromised transplacental transfer of nutrients. This deficiency status at birth is compounded by the fact that these infants may have limited capacity to absorb and retain micronutrients [9], along with an increased nutrient requirement for catch up growth postnatally. Breast milk is the only dietary source of zinc for exclusively breastfed infants in the first 6 months of life, and the mean amount of zinc transferred in breast milk to the infants declines rapidly from about 4 mg/day during the first few days of life to about 1.75 mg/day by 1 month of life, and thereafter to about 0.7 mg/day at 6 months [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor Zinc Status in Early Infancy among Both Low and Normal Birth Weight Infants and Their Mothers in Delhi

Agarwal

Virmani²,

Jaipal³

et al. 2012

Neonatology

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Background: Low birth weight (LBW) infants are at high risk of zinc deficiency, but there is a paucity of data on their zinc status. Objective: To evaluate zinc status of LBW (BW <2,500 g) and normal birth weight (NBW; BW ≥2,500 g) infants at birth and in early infancy. Methods: A total of 339 infants (LBW, n = 220; NBW, n = 119) were enrolled, and venous blood samples of mother-infant dyad were taken within 48 h of birth. Infants’ levels were repeated between 2 and 10 months of age. Serum zinc levels were estimated using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Primary outcome was zinc deficiency, defined as serum zinc <65 µg/dl. Results: Zinc results were available for 182 LBW and 103 NBW infants at birth and for 100 LBW and 66 NBW infants at follow-up with a median postnatal age of 14 and 15.5 weeks, respectively. Median zinc levels were low and comparable at birth as well as at follow-up, with zinc deficiency being present in 51.0% of LBW and 42.4% of NBW infants at birth and in 79.0% of LBW and 66.7% of NBW infants at follow-up. Zinc levels decreased significantly in both groups from birth to follow-up, irrespective of zinc multivitamin supplementation. Zinc levels of infants with BW <2,000 g at follow-up were significantly lower compared to infants with higher BW. Conclusion: Zinc status was poor in many infants at birth irrespective of BW. Zinc status worsened significantly during early infancy, with infants with BW <2,000 g having the lowest zinc levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor Zinc Status in Early Infancy among Both Low and Normal Birth Weight Infants and Their Mothers in Delhi

Agarwal

Virmani²,

Jaipal³

et al. 2012

Neonatology

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“…Islam et al [7] and Sazawal and Black [8] compared the impact of zinc administration orally on development of premature babies. They concluded that zinc supplementation for low birth weight babies is effective to enhance the growth in early months of life.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Oral Zinc Supplementation in Reduction of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in Zagazig University Hospitals

Gamal

Mahmoud

2019

Zagazig University Medical Journal

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Background: Zinc is an essential cofactor for several hundred enzymes with a multitude of functions. Zinc is vitally important for proper immune functions, because of its role in skin and mucosal barrier function as well as humoral and cellular immunity. Zinc deficiency limits growth and development in infancy and childhood. Severe zinc deficiency may be observed in preterm infants especially if necrotizing enterocolitis coexisted. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of extra zinc doses to improve immunity, decrease disease incidence and death rate and show its effect on development and growth of preterm and term neonates. Methods: The present study was a single blinded randomized controlled interventional trail that was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), pediatric department, Zagazig University children hospital in period between february 2016 to February 2017. 90 neonates were included in the study. There were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 45 neonates who received oral zinc sulfate supplementaion on dose of 1.5mg/kg/day. Group 2 included 45 neonates who didn't receive oral zinc supplementation. Results: This study revealed that there was a considerable decrease in morbidity and death rates in correlation with the use of zinc. Conclusions: Zinc supplementation can decrease the rate of morbidity and mortality, Zinc is vitally essential for proper immunity and growth.

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“…Decreased stool output and duration of illness during acute diarrhea by zinc administration is biologically plausible. Zinc is said to improve absorption of water and electrolytes by helping in early regeneration of intestinal mucosa, restoration of enteric enzymes, and enhancement of humoral and cellular immunity (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). In malnourished guinea pigs, zinc has also been shown to have antisecretory properties (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, 23% and 19% participants received intravenous fluids in the zinc and placebo groups, respectively, for any reason; 20.2% (zinc) and 17.4% (placebo) required intravenous fluids for rehydration after the initial correction of dehydration (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.66, 2.2). The total GM (95% CI) volume of IV fluids received for rehydration was 57 mL/kg (24,134) in the zinc group and 89 mL/kg (32, 252) in the placebo group (ratio of GM, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.17, 2.5). Other reasons for administering intravenous fluids were hypokalemia (zinc, 3 patients; placebo, 1 patient) and suspected sepsis (zinc, 2 patients; placebo, 2 patients).…”

Section: Effect Of Zinc Administration On Use Of Unscheduled Intraven...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc With Oral Rehydration Therapy Reduces Stool Output and Duration of Diarrhea in Hospitalized Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Bhatnagar,

Bahl,

Sharma

et al. 2004

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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ObjectivesThe authors evaluated the effect of zinc treatment as an adjunct to oral rehydration therapy on stool output and diarrheal duration in children with acute noncholera diarrhea with dehydration.MethodsThis double‐blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at two urban hospitals in New Delhi. A total of 287 dehydrated male patients, ages 3 to 36 months, with diarrhea for ≤ 72 hours were enrolled. They were assigned to zinc or placebo by a randomization scheme stratified by age (≤ or >12 months) and weight for height (65%–80% or >80% National Centre for Health Statistics median). Participants in the zinc group received 15 mg (≤12 months) or 30 mg (>12 months) elemental zinc daily in three divided doses for 14 days. The main outcome measures were stool output and diarrheal duration.ResultsZinc treatment reduced total stool output (ratio of geometric means, 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48, 0.99) and stool output per day of diarrhea (ratio of geometric means, 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.98). The risk of continued diarrhea was lower (relative hazards, 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.97) and the proportion of diarrheal episodes lasting ≥ 5 days (odds ratio, 0.49; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.97) or ≥ 7 days was less (odds ratio, 0.09; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.73) in the zinc group.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a beneficial effect of zinc administered during acute diarrhea on stool output, diarrheal duration, and proportion of episodes lasting more than 7 days. The effects are large enough to merit routine use of zinc during acute diarrhea in developing countries.

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Effect of oral zinc supplementation on the growth of preterm infants

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Poor Zinc Status in Early Infancy among Both Low and Normal Birth Weight Infants and Their Mothers in Delhi

Poor Zinc Status in Early Infancy among Both Low and Normal Birth Weight Infants and Their Mothers in Delhi

Role of Oral Zinc Supplementation in Reduction of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in Zagazig University Hospitals

Zinc With Oral Rehydration Therapy Reduces Stool Output and Duration of Diarrhea in Hospitalized Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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