Effect of oral magnesium sulfate administration on lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1 gene expression to prevent atherosclerosis in diabetic rat vessels

Abstract

Aims/Introduction The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible effect of oral magnesium sulfate (Mg SO 4 ) in the reduction of atherosclerosis plaques through inhibition of lectin‐like low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1 ( LOX‐1 ) gene expression in diabetic vessels. Materials and methods A total of 50 rats were divided into five groups, including non‐diabetic control, Mg‐treated non‐diabetic control, chronic diabetic, Mg‐treated chronic diabetic and insulin‐treated chronic diabetic. The induction of diabetes was carried out by streptozotocin. The Mg‐treated chronic diabetic and Mg‐treated non‐diabetic control groups were treated with 10 g/L of Mg SO 4 added to their drinking water. The insulin‐treated chronic diabetic group received 2.5 U/kg of insulin twice per day. The fasting blood glucose level and bodyweight were determined weekly. Blood pressure measurement and the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test were carried out after 16 weeks, and the plasma levels of Mg, lipid profile and oxidized low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (ox LDL) were determined. The mesenteric bed was isolated and perfused according to the McGregor method. The aorta was isolated for LOX ‐1 genes and proteins expression, and pathological investigation. Results Mg SO 4 administration improved blood pressure, sensitivity to phenylephrine, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, lipid profile and plasma ox‐ LDL level, and also lowered the blood glucose level to the normal range, and decreased LOX ‐1 gene and protein expressions. Insulin decreased blood pressure, sensitivity to phenylephrine, blood glucose, lipid profiles and plasma ox LDL level, but it did not decrease LOX ‐1 gene and protein expressions. Conclusions The present findings suggested that Mg SO 4 improves blood pressure and vessel structure through decreasing ox LDL, and LOX ‐1 gene and protein expressions; however, insulin did not repair vessel structure, and LOX ‐1 gene and protein expressions.

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“…Based on our previous studies 19,20 in chronic diabetic animal models, it was shown that oral administration of MgSO 4 could dilate the vessels and improve atherosclerosis. It is not clear how Mg reduces atherosclerosis, but according to our previous findings, Mg is likely to improve atherosclerosis by reducing plasma oxLDL level and its receptor in endothelial cells.…”

“…It is not clear how Mg reduces atherosclerosis, but according to our previous findings, Mg is likely to improve atherosclerosis by reducing plasma oxLDL level and its receptor in endothelial cells. 19 Moreover, hypomagnesemia increases the intracellular calcium level. Ca plays an important role in signaling pathways such as activation of NMDA receptor, which, in turn, causes the release vasoconstrictor agents, increase lipid peroxidation and NF-κB activation in smooth arteries.…”

“…3 Hangyuan Guo et al showed the beneficial effect of Mg on the pathogenesis of coronary artery diseases by managing homocysteine-induced vessel problem. 18 Our previous studies [19][20][21][22] showed that in addition to the antidiabetic effect of MgSO 4 , it also could improve blood pressure, lipid profile, plasma oxLDL level and decrease LOX1 gene and protein expression in diabetic vessels in rats. Our previous findings also showed that MgSO 4 could decrease the sensitivity of the diabetic vessels to catecholamine and improve vessel structure and function.…”