Effect of Oral Contraceptives on Lacrimal Fluid Peroxidase Activity in Women

Liberati, Veronica; Feo, Giuseppe De; Madia, Federica; Marcozzi, G

doi:10.1159/000063882

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Nonetheless, there are numerous indications that steroid hormone levels affect MPO. For example, lachrymal fluid peroxidase activity is positively correlated with 17-␤ estradiol plasma level (38), and intracellular MPO activity in neutrophils was higher in premenopausal women than postmenopausal women (19). In addition, associations between MPO and several diseases have been shown to be gender dependent (32,39), which could be attributed to the possible effects of sex hormones on MPO gene expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloperoxidase Genotype, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Breast Cancer Risk

Ahn

Gammon

Santella³

et al. 2004

Cancer Research

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Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an antimicrobial enzyme in the breast, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) endogenously. An MPO G463A polymorphism exists in the promoter region, with the variant A allele conferring lower transcription activity than the common G allele. Because oxidative stress may play a role in breast carcinogenesis, we evaluated MPO genotypes in relation to breast cancer risk among 1,011 cases and 1,067 controls from the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project (1996 -1997). We also assessed the potential modifying effects of dietary antioxidants and hormonally related risk factors on these relationships. Women over 20 years with incident breast cancer who were residents of Nassau and Suffolk Counties, NY, were identified as potential cases. Populationbased controls were frequency matched by 5-year age groups. Genotyping was performed with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-offlight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) technology, and suspected breast cancer risk factors and usual dietary intake were assessed during an in-person interview. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Having at least one A allele was associated with an overall 13% reduction in breast cancer risk. When consumption of fruits and vegetables and specific dietary antioxidants were dichotomized at the median, inverse associations with either GA or AA genotypes were most pronounced among women who consumed higher amounts of total fruits and vegetables (odds ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 -0.97); this association was not noted among the low-consumption group (P for interaction ‫؍‬ 0.04). Relationships were strongest among premenopausal women. Results from this first study of MPO genotypes and breast cancer risk indicate that MPO variants, related to reduced generation of ROS, are associated with decreased breast cancer risk, and emphasize the importance of fruit and vegetable consumption in reduction of breast cancer risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloperoxidase Genotype, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Breast Cancer Risk

Ahn

Gammon

Santella³

et al. 2004

Cancer Research

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“…MPO may be particularly important in relation to breast cancer, as suggested by associations between MPO activity and estrogen levels. Lacrimal fluid peroxide activity is positively correlated with 17-beta estradiol plasma levels, 71 and intracellular MPO activity in neutrophills was higher in premenopausal women than postmenopausal women. 72 Circulating variations in MPO are dependent on estradiol levels during the menstrual cycle, 73 and hormone replacement therapy restores MPO release from neutrophils in menopausal women.…”

Section: Myeloperoxidasementioning

confidence: 91%

Oxidative Stress and Breast Cancer

Ahn¹,

Ambrosone

2006

Oxidative Stress, Disease and Cancer

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Overview Breast cancer epidemiologyBreast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed non-skin malignancy in women in the United States, with 213,910 cases expected in 2004, 1 and its incidence is gradually increasing. A woman who lives to be 90 years old has a 1 in 8 risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer in the United States. 2 Despite focused efforts over the last few decades to further understand the causes of breast cancer, little new information has been gained regarding its etiology. Risk factors that are "known" explain only approximately 40% of the variability in incidence. 3 The rest of the remaining risk for breast cancer remains a speculative or unknown realm. Estrogen exposure (e.g., early age at menarche, no or few children, late first full-term pregnancy, and hormone replacement therapy), family history of breast cancer, alcohol consumption, and physical activity have been considered as important risk factors, while data on other risk factors are inconsistent, including the potential effects of diet, smoking, and environmental factors on breast cancer risk. 4 Oxidative stress in breast cancer riskThere is increasing evidence indicating that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Exposures from endogenous and exogenous oxidant sources constantly produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) 897 Oxidative Stress, Disease and Cancer Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by LA TROBE UNIVERSITY on 06/11/16. For personal use only.

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“…Sex differences in LG and DE diseases, with a higher prevalence in females, are remarkable characteristics that are well reviewed ( Sullivan et al, 2017 ). The investigation of OS in the female sex revealed that peroxidase activity in the tear film is enhanced in response to serum levels of estrogen, and it is also attenuated by oral contraceptives ( Liberati et al, 2002 ). Moreover, peroxidase activity in tears is similar between young men and women and diminishes at a later age in men compared to women, being therefore higher in middle-aged men compared to menopausal women ( Marcozzi et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: Clinical Evidence Of Reactive Oxygen Species As a Cause Of D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress in the Protection and Injury of the Lacrimal Gland and the Ocular Surface: are There Perspectives for Therapeutics?

Lemos

Silva

Faustino

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Oxidative stress (OS) is a major disruption in the physiology of the lacrimal functional unit (LFU). Antioxidant enzymes have dual protective activities: antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Peroxidases have been indistinctly used as markers of the secretory activity of the LFU and implicated in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of dry eye disease (DED), even though they comprise a large family of enzymes that includes lactoperoxidase (LPO) and glutathione peroxidase (GPO), among others. Assays to measure and correlate OS with other local LFU phenomena have methodological limitations. Studies implicate molecules and reactions involved in OS as markers of homeostasis, and other studies identify them as part of the physiopathology of diseases. Despite these conflicting concepts and observations, it is clear that OS is influential in the development of DED. Moreover, many antioxidant strategies have been proposed for its treatment, including calorie restriction to nutritional supplementation. This review offers a critical analysis of the biological mechanisms, diagnostic outcomes, drug use, dietary supplements, and life habits that implicate the influence of OS on DED.

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Effect of Oral Contraceptives on Lacrimal Fluid Peroxidase Activity in Women

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Myeloperoxidase Genotype, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Breast Cancer Risk

Myeloperoxidase Genotype, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Breast Cancer Risk

Oxidative Stress and Breast Cancer

Oxidative Stress in the Protection and Injury of the Lacrimal Gland and the Ocular Surface: are There Perspectives for Therapeutics?

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