Effect of oral administration of ethanolic root extract of Tinospora cordifolia on aflatoxin B₁-induced toxicity in swiss albino mice

Abstract

Background: Afl atoxins are potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic agents. This hepatotoxicity is thought to be mediated by their ability to generate reactive oxygen species and cause peroxidative damage. Considering the antioxidant properties of Tinospora cordifolia, this study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effi cacy of Tinospora cordifolia root extract in terms of altered biochemical, hematological, serological and histopathological parameters. Methods: Sixty male swiss albino mice were taken for post exposure therapy. Results: Afl atoxin exposure elicited a signifi cant escalation in the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and depletion in reduced glutathione, protein, ascorbic acid and antioxidant enzymes, namely, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities. Chronic afl atoxin ingestion showed a signifi cant decline in total erythrocyte count, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit values while total leukocyte count, platelet count and neutrophil count signifi cantly increased in the afl atoxin-treated group. The activities of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphate augmented signifi cantly in the serum of afl atoxin-exposed mice suggesting hepatic damage. Afl atoxin administration decreased the content of high density lipoprotein while increased the content of cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein signifi cantly. Pathological examination of the liver tissue also supported the biochemical fi ndings. However, post-exposure administration of Tinospora cordifolia root extract to the afl atoxin-treated group attenuated the deranged parameters to some extent. Conclusion: This study indicated that Tinospora cordifolia can be a protective regimen for afl atoxin toxicity.

Assessment of Antioxidant Activity of Withania somnifera in Equine

“…Non-significant effect on CAT and SOD activity was observed on treatment with Withania somnifera root extract as compared to untreated animals [14] supported the present study. However, a significant increase in the plasma CAT and SOD activity was observed by Das et al [15] and El-Sabbagh et al [16] reporting that the herb possesses antioxidant properties, and administration of an aqueous root extract of Withania somnifera for 25 days increased the values of CAT and SOD in dehydration-induced oxidative stress-related uremia in male rats.…”

Comparative Hepatoprotective Potential of Tinospora cordifolia, Tinospora sinensis and Neem-guduchi

“…found to significantly reduce the increased activities of serum marker enzymes AST, ALT, ALP and total bilirubin level. Our study reveals comparative hepatoprotective effect T. cordifolia, T. sinensis and Neem-guduchi Satwa which is similar to the previous studies done to explore the hepatoprotective effect of T. cordifolia alone [40][41][42][43][44][45]. However, there is no report so far on possible hepatoprotective mechanism of aqueous stem extract of both species.…”

Lophirones B and C Extenuate AFB1‐Mediated Oxidative Onslaught on Cellular Proteins, Lipids, and DNA through Nrf‐2 Expression

“…This could be due to the capability of lophirones B and C to enhance the expression of Nrf‐2 . Brahmi et al and Sharma et al reported similar protection against the AFB 1 ‐mediated decrease in antioxidant enzymes.…”

“…This could be due to the capability of lophirones B and C to enhance the expression of Nrf-2 [14]. Brahmi et al [33] and Sharma et al [34] reported similar protection against the AFB 1mediated decrease in antioxidant enzymes. AFB 1 -mediated reduction in the levels of GSH, GSH-Px cofactor, might have resulted from the depleted GSH-Px and GSH-Red activities [35].…”