Effect of optimum compaction moisture content formulations on the strength and durability of sustainable stabilised materials

Rahmat, Mohamad Nidzam; Ismail, Nurhuda

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2018.02.036

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The findings on normal and reverse faults revealed that displacements decline with increasing soil water content (before reaching the OMC level). This aspect can also be found in previous studies [31,32]. Another reason for the decreasing displacements was found by Kumari, which is that soil cohesion increases with the rise in water content, causing the shear forces to increase, thus giving the soil more strength [33].…”

Section: Water Contentsupporting

confidence: 81%

A Novel Experimental Study on the Effects of Soil and Faults’ Properties on Tunnels Induced by Normal and Reverse Faults

et al. 2020

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Due to the world population increasing considerably, there is a need for efficient public transportation, such as the subway. However, it has become a major concern to geotechnical engineers that the development and construction of subways are held underground where faults exist, as it will be a major risk to any structure if the fault is still active. Several seismic events, such as the earthquakes in Taiwan in 1999, China in 2008, and Malaysia (Sabah) in 2015, caused by fault ruptures, signify the importance of this study. In this paper, a physical model of 1000 mm in height, 3000 mm in length, and 1000 mm in width, which is the largest single gravity (1g) model for simulation faults (normal and reverse) ever built, was fabricated to evaluate the influence of various soil properties, various fault angles, and tunnel depths on tunnels affected by normal and reverse faults. The effects of various soil properties, such as water content, particle size, cohesion, and friction angle, had revealed major changes (approximately by 34%, 39%, 64%, and 39%, respectively) in tunnel displacements. Results also showed that increasing of fault angle could increase the tunnel displacement as much as two times. In addition, when a tunnel is located close to the ground surface, 22% less displacement was found to have occurred to the tunnel. With the results obtained from the physical model, simulation had been made using plane strain and axial symmetry (PLAXIS) software. The comparison made between rock and soft soil showed that soft soil imposed two times more displacements than rock, and an existence of foundation in soft soil and rock can decrease the tunnel displacements by 6% and 4%, respectively. This paper asserts that besides the structural design of a tunnel, the geotechnical design also has a major impact on the safety and robustness of the tunnel, in which aspects such as soil properties, tunnel depth, and fault angle have a strong influence on tunnel damages which were not considered in previous research, despite their importance.

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Section: Water Contentsupporting

confidence: 81%

A Novel Experimental Study on the Effects of Soil and Faults’ Properties on Tunnels Induced by Normal and Reverse Faults

et al. 2020

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“…In complex mixtures such as additive brick making, a critical determinant in the well compaction of clays is its moisture content. This is because, moisture acts as an important lubricant that aid the easy movement of the clay particles into a dense and compacted state 25 . According to Whitlow, 26 clays are typically compacted either at their optimal moisture content or at the wetter side of the nearly saturated line.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of waste husk from millet grain cultivation in the production of fired clay bricks

Adazabra¹,

Viruthagiri

2023

Int J Ceramic Engine & Sci

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The consumption of colossal quantities of materials in the building industry has advanced the swift depletion of clean clay reserves. The use of organic additives in brick production is conserving clay resources. In addition, in some cases, it can lead to improvements in some material properties, such as decreasing thermal conductivity and increasing the capacity of the ceramic material in terms of thermal insulation. In the present investigation, waste millet husk (WMH) was incorporated in different proportions to clays to ascertain its influence on the fired brick properties. The raw materials were characterized for their physical, chemical, and thermal properties and found suitable for use in fired brick production. Additionally, the prepared modeled brick samples were tested for their physico-mechanical properties. The results indicated that linear shrinkage and weight loss increased, whereas bulk density decreased from 2.06 to 1.58 g/cm 3 depending on WMH incorporation amount in the clays and firing temperature. Similarly, compressive strength reduced by up to 68%. Thermal conductivity beneficially reduced by 42% with the addition of 16 wt.% of WMH. The best results in terms of mechanical properties were obtained with 4 wt.% of the WMH. In terms of thermal insulation, the best results were exhibited in the samples admixed with 16 wt.% of WMH. The results showed that porosity and bulk density were critical determining factors that directly influence the bricks physico-mechanical properties.

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“…To the 14 soil-cement mixtures (Table 4) that were obtained in this way, water was added, ensuring that the optimum moisture content (OMC) of the mixture was achieved, i.e., the moisture at which compaction by ramming achieved the maximum value of dry density (the method of determining the OMC is given in Section 2.2.2). The OMC is the water content at which a soil can be compacted to the maximum dry density by a given compactive effort [38]. Therefore, OMC is a direct measure of CSRE workability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Soil Mineral Composition on the Compressive Strength of Cement Stabilized Rammed Earth

et al. 2020

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Cemented stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) is a building material used to build load bearing walls from locally available soil. The article analyzes the influence of soil mineral composition on CSRE compressive strength. Compression tests of CSRE samples of various mineral compositions, but the same particle size distribution, water content, and cement content were conducted. Based on the compression strength results and analyzed SEM images, it was observed that even small changes in the mineral composition significantly affected the CSRE compressive strength. From the comparison of CSRE compressive strength result sets, one can draw general qualitative conclusions that montmorillonite lowered the compressive strength the most; beidellite also lowered it, but to a lesser extent. Kaolinite lightly increased the compressive strength.

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Effect of optimum compaction moisture content formulations on the strength and durability of sustainable stabilised materials

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

A Novel Experimental Study on the Effects of Soil and Faults’ Properties on Tunnels Induced by Normal and Reverse Faults

A Novel Experimental Study on the Effects of Soil and Faults’ Properties on Tunnels Induced by Normal and Reverse Faults

Use of waste husk from millet grain cultivation in the production of fired clay bricks

The Effect of Soil Mineral Composition on the Compressive Strength of Cement Stabilized Rammed Earth

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