Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Huang, Luqi; Zhang, Fanjie; Xu, Ping; Zhou, Yijie; Liu, Yijun; Zhang, Hongdie; Tan, Xiaozhen; Ge, Xinxu; Xu, Yong; Guo, Muxing; Long, Yang

doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2023.04.009

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Em outro trabalho foi estudado o efeito da suplementação de ômega 3 em relação ao risco de doença cardiovascular em pacientes diabéticos, sendo constatada a eficiência do ácido eicosapentaenóico (EPA), e impactos na saúde do endotélio reduzindo alterações decorrentes do diabetes. Foi constatado que a suplementação de ômega 3 em pacientes diabéticos reduziu significativamente o risco de doença cardiovascular, em especial a fração EPA, além disso, esta mesma fração, quando combinada a estatinas, melhorou a disfunção endotelial induzida por hiperglicemia e estresse oxidativo, além de aumentar a função protetora aterosclerótica do HDL (Huang, et al 2023).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

O papel do ômega 3 na saúde vascular

Leite,

Cotrim,

Pereira

et al. 2023

Braz. J. Implantol. Health Sci.

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Este trabalho, tem por objetivo estudar o impacto do ômega 3 na saúde vascular. Este estudo é uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que foi feita a partir da busca dos seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) na base de dados PubMed: omega 3; and; vascular events. A partir desta busca foram selecionados apenas artigos publicados nos anos de 2021 a 2023 até a data de 23/09/2023, restando 24 artigos, sendo que 18 foram analisados para a confecção do trabalho após a exclusão de 6 artigos que não se enquadravam ao tema. O ômega 3, um ácido graxo, demonstrou ser eficiente na redução de risco de doenças cardiovasculares como infarto do miocárdio e doença aterosclerótica, além disso, foi observada eficiência na redução do risco de mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares, devido a efeitos como redução de placa ateromatosa e estabilização de placa quando associado a estatinas. Dessa forma, baseado nestas evidências, faz-se necessário um apanhado das principais informações científicas e sua reunião para que cada vez mais o nível de evidências acerca desta temática seja aumentado

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Section: Resultsunclassified

O papel do ômega 3 na saúde vascular

Leite,

Cotrim,

Pereira

et al. 2023

Braz. J. Implantol. Health Sci.

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“…It has been suggested that omega-3 PUFAs may be beneficial for patients at risk of a number of diseases and may represent means of both preventing and treating these diseases ( 18 ). A previous meta-analysis showed that supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs alone reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes, possibly because they modulate the production of a number of anti-inflammatory substances that can promote tissue repair and ameliorate inflammation during atherosclerosis ( 19 , 20 ). This finding was validated in a pooled and harmonized analysis of 29 prospective studies, which showed that supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs is associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke, probably because omega-3 PUFAs reduce platelet count, reduce arterial stiffness, and improve endothelial function ( 21 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with esophageal diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Chen,

Huang

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been widely studied and used as nutritional supplements because of their anti-inflammatory effects. Previous studies have shown an association between polyunsaturated fatty acids such as omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs with the development of malignant tumors. However, the relationships of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs with esophageal diseases have not been characterized.MethodsMendelian randomization (MR) is a statistical method for identifying instrumental variables (IVs) from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, and is associated with little confounding by environmental or other disease-related factors. We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from previously published studies on circulating concentrations of omega-3, omega-6, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and linoleic acid (LA), as well as esophageal cancer and other esophageal diseases, which were downloaded from the IEU OpenGwas database (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/) and the GWAS Catalog database (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/). The inverse variance-weighted approach was used as the principal analysis, and the MR–Egger and weighted median methods were used alongside. A series of sensitivity analyses were used to ensure the robustness of the causality estimates.ResultsWe found that the circulating omega-3 PUFAs concentration was positively associated with esophageal cancer (p = 8 × 10−4), and circulating DHA concentration (the main component of omega-3 in food), was also positively associated with esophageal cancer (p = 2 × 10−2), but no significant association was found between circulating omega-6 PUFAs and esophageal cancer (p = 0.17), and circulating LA concentration (the main component of omega-6 in food), was also no significant associated with esophageal cancer (p = 0.32). We found no significant relationships of circulating omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs concentration with four other esophageal diseases.ConclusionThis study indicates that higher levels of circulating omega-3 PUFAs and DHA concentrations may be a risk factor for the development of esophageal cancer. Conversely, an increased omega-6/omega-3 ratio may serve as a protective factor against esophageal cancer. These findings have significant implications for the clinical application of omega-3 PUFAs and the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer.

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“…The quality of fats and carbohydrates in the diet is more important than the quantity of these macronutrients. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), specifically n-3 PUFAs, have a significant impact on alleviating hyperglycemia and its associated complications [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. These N-3 PUFAs comprise eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) derived from animal sources, as well as α-linolenic acid (ALA) sourced from plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Plant-Derived Low-Ratio Linoleic Acid/α-Linolenic Acid on Markers of Glucose Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang,

Wang

2023

IJMS

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The objective of this meta-analysis was to examine the impact of a low-ratio linoleic acid/α-linolenic acid (LA/ALA) diet on the glycemic profile of adults. A comprehensive search was performed across four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed) to evaluate the influence of the low-ratio LA/ALA. Relevant references were screened up until February 2023. Intervention effects were analyzed by calculating change values as weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using fixed-effects models. Additionally, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were employed to investigate potential sources of heterogeneity. Twenty-one randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, and the low-ratio LA/ALA diet had no significant effect on fasting blood sugar (FBS, WMD: 0.00 mmol/L, 95% CI: −0.06, 0.06, p = 0.989, I2 = 0.0%), insulin levels (WMD: 0.20 μIU/mL, 95% CI: −0.23, 0.63, p = 0.360, I2 = 3.2%), homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, WMD: 0.09, 95% CI: −0.06, 0.23, p = 0.243, I2 = 0.0%), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, WMD: −0.01%, 95% CI: −0.07, 0.06, p = 0.836, I2 = 0.0%). Based on subgroup analyses, it was observed that the impact of a low-ratio LA/ALA diet on elevated plasma insulin (WMD: 1.31 μIU/mL, 95% CI: 0.08, 2.54, p = 0.037, I2 = 32.0%) and HOMA-IR (WMD: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.84, p = 0.012, I2 = 0.0%) levels exhibited greater prominence in North America compared to Asian and European countries. Publication bias was not detected for FBS, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c levels according to the Begg and Egger tests. Furthermore, the conducted sensitivity analyses indicated stability, as the effects of the low-ratio LA/ALA diet on various glycemic and related metrics remained unchanged even after removing individual studies. Overall, based on the available studies, it can be concluded that the low-ratio LA/ALA diet has limited impact on blood glucose-related biomarker levels.

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Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

O papel do ômega 3 na saúde vascular

O papel do ômega 3 na saúde vascular

Relationships of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with esophageal diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

The Effect of Plant-Derived Low-Ratio Linoleic Acid/α-Linolenic Acid on Markers of Glucose Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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