“…As the lack of vomiting reflex, varieties of behavioral measurements have been widely used to assess multi-dimensional responses of MS in rodents. Conditioned gaping response that can be elicited during exposure to a context previously paired with nauseant agents or provocative motion can be alleviated by corresponding anti-emetic and anti-MS drugs, making it plausible to serve as a rat model of conditioned nausea (Limebeer et al, 2008 ; Parker, 2014 ; Zhou et al, 2017 ; Qi et al, 2019 ; Rock et al, 2022 ). In addition, defecation response and decreased spontaneous locomotion activity were also observed in rats and mice exposed to whole-body rotation (Ossenkopp and Frisken, 1982 ; Ossenkopp et al, 1994 ; Yu et al, 2007 ; Limebeer et al, 2008 ; Morita et al, 2017 ; Wang et al, 2017 ; Deshetty et al, 2021 ).…”