Effect of obesity on conversion of plasma androstenedione to estrone in ovulatory and anovulatory young women

Edman, Clare D.; MacDonald, Paul C.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(78)90288-0

Cited by 198 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…30 In postmenopausal women, the conversion of androgens to estrogens by adipose tissue is thought to be the primary source of extraovarian estrogen production, and circulating bio-available estrogen increases with age and excess body fat. 31,32 In contrast, elevated estrogen levels as a consequence of obesity in men seems to lead to increased insulin resistance and elevated insulin. 33 Why did our Japanese population study show a positive association between BMI and colon cancer shown in women but not in men?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study of body size and colon cancer mortality in Japan: The JACC Study

et al. 2004

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OBJECTIVE:To determine whether body size measurements are risk factors for colon cancer death among the Japanese. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: A nationwide prospective study, the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study from 1988 to 1999. The present analysis included 43 171 men and 58 775 women aged 40-79 y who respond to a questionnaire on current weight and height, weight around 20 y of age, and other lifestyle factors. Body mass index (BMI) at baseline and 20 y of age (B-BMI and 20-BMI, respectively) were calculated. RESULTS: We identified 127 deaths from colon cancer during the follow-up of 424 698 person-years among men and 122 deaths during the follow-up of 591 787 person-years among women. After adjustments for the lifestyle factors known to modify the risk of colon cancer, weight at baseline showed a significant positive association in women, while no such association was seen in men. There was also a significant trend of increasing risk with the increase in B-BMI among women. Women with B-BMI Z28 kg/m 2 had a relative risk (RR) of 3.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44-8.06) compared with those with BMI of 20-o22 kg/m 2 . 20-BMI also presented the same trend of increasing risk as B-BMI. Women with 20-BMI of o22 and B-BMI of 426 kg/m 2 , that is, excessive BMI gain, had a high RR of 3.41 (95% CI 1.29-9.02) compared with those with 20-BMI of o22 and B-BMI of o22 kg/m 2 . There were no corresponding trends of colon cancer risk for B-BMI, 20-BMI, or BMI change among men. CONCLUSIONS: These study data suggest that obesity and excessive weight gain are associated with the risk of colon cancer death in Japanese women but no such relationship was found in Japanese men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study of body size and colon cancer mortality in Japan: The JACC Study

et al. 2004

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“…[13][14][15] Following the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) 0033 surgicopathologic study, gynecologic oncologists have encouraged comprehensive surgical staging including retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy at the time of laparotomy to assess for extrauterine disease. 16,17 However, surgical excision of lymph node-bearing tissue in obese women is often difficult but without excessive surgical morbidity.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjuvant treatment and survival in obese women with endometrial cancer: An international collaborative study

Martra

Kunos

Gibbons

et al. 2008

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Objective-To determine the impact of patient weight on frequency of surgical staging lymphadenectomy and pelvic radiation. Adverse effects, disease relapse, and survival outcomes were investigated.Study Design-Records of 766 women undergoing surgery for presumed corpus-confined endometrial cancer were reviewed. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated categorizing women as obese (BMI ≥ 30) or nonobese (BMI < 30). Radiation-related toxicity was retrospectively scored. Median duration of follow-up was 38 months. Chi-square, logistic regression, correlation, KaplanMeier and Cox multivariate proportional hazards were used for analysis.Results-Lymphadenectomy was completed as often in nonobese as obese women (p=0.24). Adjuvant pelvic radiation treatment was administered more often in nonobese women (p=0.01). Among 681 women with endometrioid histopathology, four-year cancer-related survival in obese women was 10 percent higher than all cause mortality, compared to 6 percent in nonobese women.Conclusion-Obesity was not a barrier to lymphadenectomy, but did influence adjuvant pelvic radiation use.CORRESPONDING AUTHOR and REPRINT REQUESTS: Vivian von Gruenigen, MD,

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“…parthenogenically activated at the completion of meiosis I, 1.3 (0.6-4.3) and persist into adolescent life. In fact, female mice with 1.3 (0.5-2.9) granulosa cell deficient follicles have an increased susceptibility to teratoma development (Eppig, 1978 (Edman & MacDonald, 1978), and also due to lesser amounts of sex-hormone-binding globulin (O'dea et al, 1979). Among premenopausal women, measurably high oestrogen levels are apparent only when a women's weight is at least 20% above that which is normal for her height (Edman & MacDonald, 1978).…”

Section: Matchedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, female mice with 1.3 (0.5-2.9) granulosa cell deficient follicles have an increased susceptibility to teratoma development (Eppig, 1978 (Edman & MacDonald, 1978), and also due to lesser amounts of sex-hormone-binding globulin (O'dea et al, 1979). Among premenopausal women, measurably high oestrogen levels are apparent only when a women's weight is at least 20% above that which is normal for her height (Edman & MacDonald, 1978). Based on our previous studies of testis cancer Henderson et al, 1979), we had expected that severe maternal nausea during the index pregnancy would also be a risk factor for ovarian germ cell tumours, especially in connection with first pregnancy.…”

Section: Matchedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hormonal factors and risk of ovarian germ cell cancer in young women

Walker

Ross²,

Haile³

et al. 1988

Br J Cancer

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Summary No previous controlled studies of ovarian germ cell tumours have been reported; however the tumour is similar to germ cell testicular cancer in terms of histology, age-specific incidence rates (i.e. highest rates in young adulthood), and secular trends of increasing incidence. The investigation was designed to determine if maternal hormonal factors which have been found to increase the risk of testis cancer in male offspring are also risk factors for the ovarian tumour. The analysis is based on 73 cases diagnosed before age 35 and 138 age-race matched controls. The cases were identified by tumour registries in Los Angeles and Seattle Ovarian germ cell cancer is quite rare and no previous controlled epidemiologic studies have been reported. The similarity of these tumours to germ cell testicular cancer in terms of histology (Teilum, 1976), age-specific incidence rates highest in the young adult age range (Walker et al., 1984; Weiss, 1982), and secular trends of increasing incidence (Walker et al., 1984) Angeles case series and 15 were from Seattle.For each case an attempt was made to identify two ageand race-matched controls using friends or neighbours so as to approximate a socioeconomic match. For cases under age 18 at diagnosis, the controls were selected from friends or neighbours of the case in the year prior to diagnosis. For cases over age 18 at diagnosis, controls were selected from among the case's friends or neighbours at the time of graduation from high school, in order to approximate the social class of the case's mother rather than of the case herself.The procedure for obtaining the potential friend control names was to ask the case mother for a list of first names of friends of the case from the appropriate time period at the beginning of the interview and to have her rank them according to closeness in friendship and age to the case. Then at the end of the interview, permission was requested to contact these friends, beginning with the first two ranked friends who were within two years of the case's age and of the same race.Neighbourhood controls were sought when two friend controls could not be identified. The neighbourhood controls were selected by following a specified walking pattern in the blocks around the case's residence. Residents of each unit were surveyed until a race and age (±5 years) match was located.Once the control was selected, permission was sought to interview her mother. At least one control mother interview was completed for 73 of the 74 cases whose mothers were interviewed, and two or more were obtained for 54 cases. For 20 cases, only neighbourhood control mothers were used, and in 8 cases both friend and neighbourhood control mothers were used. In total, 138 control mothers were interviewed, 93 from friends and 45 from neighbourhood residents. Three potential friend controls and 10 qualifying neighbourhood controls refused to participate.

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Effect of obesity on conversion of plasma androstenedione to estrone in ovulatory and anovulatory young women

Cited by 198 publications

References 10 publications

A prospective study of body size and colon cancer mortality in Japan: The JACC Study

A prospective study of body size and colon cancer mortality in Japan: The JACC Study

Adjuvant treatment and survival in obese women with endometrial cancer: An international collaborative study

Hormonal factors and risk of ovarian germ cell cancer in young women

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