Effect of obesity on alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis in Wistar rats

Verzeletti, Giliano Nicolini; Gaio, Eduardo José; Linhares, Daniele Sigal; Rösing, Cassiano Kuchenbecker

doi:10.1590/s1678-77572012000200016

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Actually, the overweight rats might be defined as-obesebecause of a greater than 15% difference between the groups according to Svensson et al and Verzeletti et al (24,25). In the present study, the body weight differences at the baseline were 38% between the NH and OH groups and, 41% between the NP and OP groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Deneysel periodontitiste fazla kilolu olma durumunun dolaşımdaki sitokinler ve adipokinler üzerine etkisi

2017

SDÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

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Objective: Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) are forefront cytokines in the periodontitis pathogenesis. Therefore, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that overweight rats with periodontitis have higher pro-inflammatory cytokines and/or adipokines, and lower anti-inflammatory cytokines and/or adipokines in serum than normal weight rats. Material-Method: Thirty-two 4-month old male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: normal weight, periodontally healthy rats (NH, n = 8), normal weight rats with periodontitis (NP, n = 8), overweight, periodontally healthy rats (OH, n = 8); and overweight rats with periodontitis (OP, n = 8). Periodontitis was induced by ligature for 14 days. The serum cytokine' and adipokine' levels were investigated using ELISA. Results: IL-4 levels were higher in the NH and NP groups than their counterparts in the overweight rats (p<0.01). The IL-6 level was significantly higher in the OP group than in the NP group (p<0.01). The adiponectin level was significantly higher in the NH group than in the OH and OP groups (p<0.01). Leptin and resistin levels didn't differ significantly among the groups (p>0.01). Conclusions:The overweight status affected the cytokine' and adipokine' level independent from the periodontal status in this experimental model. Overweight rats with and without periodontitis have lower serum levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine and adipokines (IL-4 and adiponectin) and higher serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6) than their counterparts in normal weight rat groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Deneysel periodontitiste fazla kilolu olma durumunun dolaşımdaki sitokinler ve adipokinler üzerine etkisi

2017

SDÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

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“…By contrast, a number of previous studies have observed that increased BMI is a positive factor on femur cortical bone mass due to its effect on leptin signaling (12). However, an increasing number of studies have indicated that obesity in female mice is accompanied by bone loss (8,(13)(14)(15). This may be due to the role of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ, secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines, whose effects damage the trabecular bone (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Adipocytes regulate the bone marrow microenvironment in a mouse model of obesity

Hang

et al. 2013

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. Obesity is markedly associated with abnormal bone density indicating the importance of adipocytes in bone metabolism. However, the specific function of adipocytes remains unclear, with marked discrepancies in observations of previous studies. In the present study, the effect of adipocytes on osteoblasts/osteoclasts was analyzed. A mouse model of obesity was established and an in vitro co-culture system was utilized containing adipocyte and MC3T3/RAW 264.7 cells in a Transwell plate. Compared with control mice, obese mice exhibited low body weight and bone mineral density of the tibia and fat cells were observed to accumulate in bone marrow. MC3T3/RAW 264.7 cells were co-cultured with adipocytes and the mRNA and protein expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin was found to be decreased in MC3T3-E1 cells and mRNA and protein expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and cathepsin K was significantly increased in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, the effect of adipocytes on the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)/RANK system indicated that the RANKL/OPG ratio secreted by osteoblasts increased and RANK expression by osteoclasts increased, leading to increased osteoclastogenesis. These results indicate that bone metabolism is impaired in obese mice leading to decreased osteoblastogenesis and marked increases in osteoclastogenesis and low bone mass. IntroductionObesity is becoming increasingly prevalent, leading to reduced life expectancy and increased health problems (1). High body mass index (BMI) is associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular, obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes mellitus type 2, specific types of cancer and osteoarthritis (2). Bone metabolism is also abnormal in obesity (3) and positive and negative factors have been identified to be associated with bone health status (4-6). A number of previous studies have revealed that obesity stimulates bone formation by inhibiting apoptosis. A recent study demonstrated that high BMI prevents normal bone fracture and osteoporotic fracture in various age groups and genders (7). By contrast, it has also been reported that osteoporosis occurs in obese individuals (8). These inconsistencies may be due to the use of different animal models in each study.Adipose tissue, a large endocrine organ, secretes a number of hormones that affect bone metabolism. Adipocytes in the bone marrow microenvironment differentiate from bone marrow mesenchymal cells and secrete cytokines which affect osteoblast and osteoclast levels in bone marrow. The effect of adipocytes on osteoblasts/osteoclasts remains controversial.The aim of the present study was to identify the function of adipocytes in the bone marrow microenvironment. To analyze the biological foundations of bone metastasis in obesity, a high-fat diet was selected to establish a mouse model of obesity (9). The results indicate that adipocytes accumulate in the bone marrow environment and affect bone turnover and osteoblast/osteoclast differentiation....

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“…17 They were housed in stainless steel cages with no bedding material (2 per cage, 12-hour light/dark, room temperature 18-22 °C, relative humidity 55-65%). They were fed with a standard laboratory diet in powder form, 18 given tap water ad libitum and acclimatized to the new environment for 7 days.…”

Section: Methodology Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiponectin and interleukin-6 levels in insulin-treated diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis

et al. 2012

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The aim of the study was to compare the serum levels of adiponectin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in insulin-treated diabetic rats with or without periodontitis. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (20 rats each): a) insulin-treated diabetic group (control, DI) and b) insulin-treated diabetic periodontitis group (test, DIP). Diabetes was induced, and insulin treatment was initiated on day 5. On day 16, periodontitis was induced in the DIP group. All rats were euthanized on day 77. Adiponectin and IL-6 were assessed on days 16 and 77. At the end of the experiment, 14 and 11 rats survived in the DI and DIP groups, respectively. Adiponectin levels were statistically significantly higher at the end of the experiment compared with levels on day 16 in the periodontitis group (p < 0.05), but not in the control group. At the end of the experiment, adiponectin levels were statistically significantly higher in the periodontitis group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Within-group and between-group comparisons of IL-6 levels showed no statistically significant difference. In conclusion, serum adiponectin was increased in insulin-treated diabetic rats with periodontitis in comparison with insulin-treated diabetic rats, while IL-6 levels did not differ between groups.

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Effect of obesity on alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis in Wistar rats

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

Deneysel periodontitiste fazla kilolu olma durumunun dolaşımdaki sitokinler ve adipokinler üzerine etkisi

Deneysel periodontitiste fazla kilolu olma durumunun dolaşımdaki sitokinler ve adipokinler üzerine etkisi

Adipocytes regulate the bone marrow microenvironment in a mouse model of obesity

Adiponectin and interleukin-6 levels in insulin-treated diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis

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