Effect of NPS Fertilizer, Spraying Nano-NPK_+TE and Cerium Oxide NPs on Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

Abstract

The aim of this research was to identify the effects of NPS fertilizer with the spraying of Nano-NPK+TE and Cerium Oxide NPs on the growth and yield of (Amber 33) rice. This field study was carried out in the Tali’a region, 41-Husainiya, Hilla city, Babylon province, Iraq, from 14/6/2022 to 25/11/2022, The study treatments were randomly distributed on the experimental units according to a simple and one-way experiment by a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The study treatments consisted of adding NPS fertilizer at four levels (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha-1) and spraying with nanomaterials of Nano-NPK+TE and Cerium Oxide NPs at concentrations of (2.5 ml L-1) and (50 mg L-1), respectively, with four sprays for each of them. A total of 16 experimental units were used. The statistical analysis using Duncan’s test revealed to us that the process of fertilizing with NPS fertilizer and nanomaterials led to the highest improvement for plant height with a value of (130.43 cm) achieved by the combination of (NPS 300 kg ha-1 + spray CeO2 NPs + Nano-NPK+TE), This combination also achieved the highest chlorophyll index of (41.6 SPAD), as well as the highest response in biological yield (21.19 Meg ha-1), grain yield (5.89 Meg ha-1) and the index of yield harvesting (27.8%). Moreover, this treatment achieved high response for the weight of 1000 grains at (21.31 g). Additionally, the bi-combination of spraying with CeO2 NPs and Nano-NPK+TE had the highest agronomic efficiency at (381.61 kg kg-1).