Effect of novel double treatment on the properties of CdTe solar cells

Hong

et al. 2022

Materials

Self Cite

We compared thermal stability, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor values of single-crystal Cadmium telluride (CdTe) grown using the vertical Bridgman (VB) technique and doped with group V elements (phosphorus and arsenic), and group Ⅰ element (sodium), followed by an annealing process. The sodium-doped CdTe maintained a hole density of 1016 cm−3 or higher; after annealing for a long time, this decreased to 1015 cm−3 or less. The arsenic-doped CdTe maintained a hole density of approximately 1016 cm−3 even after the annealing process; however its bulk minority carrier lifetime decreased by approximately 10%. The phosphorus-doped CdTe maintained its properties after the annealing process, ultimately achieving a hole density of ~1016 cm−3 and a minority carrier lifetime of ~40 ns. The characteristics of a single-crystal solar cell were evaluated using a solar cell device that contained single-crystal CdTe with various dopants. The sodium-doped sample exhibited poor interfacial properties, and its performance decreased rapidly during annealing. The samples doped with group V elements exhibited stable characteristics even during long-term annealing. We concluded, therefore, that group V elements dopants are more suitable for CdTe single-crystal-based solar cell applications involving thermal stress conditions, such as space missions or extreme fabrication temperature environments.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Comparison of CdTe:Na, CdTe:As, and CdTe:P Single Crystals for Solar Cell Applications

Hong

et al. 2022

Materials

Self Cite

“…In this study, we evaluated different factors that affect the CdTe cell performance according to different treatment methods for assessing the electron‐radiation hardness of CdTe solar cells. The fabricated CdTe solar cells were treated by CdCl 2 ‐dipping and Freon gas treatments, and the changes in the performance of the cells after each treatment were investigated in our precious work 33 . The CdTe solar cells treated with Freon gas exhibited an enhanced radiation hardness when irradiated with an electron beam, suggesting that either the method for manufacturing these solar cells must be modulated or a suitable method should be adopted according to the operation of the cell in a radiation environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fabricated CdTe solar cells were treated by CdCl 2 -dipping and Freon gas treatments, and the changes in the performance of the cells after each treatment were investigated in our precious work. 33 The CdTe solar cells treated with Freon gas exhibited an enhanced radiation hardness when irradiated with an electron beam, suggesting that either the method for manufacturing these solar cells must be modulated or a suitable method should be adopted according to the operation of the cell in a radiation environment. To evaluate the solar cell degradation, various measurement methods were used, and an evaluation of the conventional performance metrics, that is, J sc , open-circuit voltage (V oc ), fill factor (FF), and efficiency (ƞ), showed that the degradation was caused by a decrease in the J sc of the solar cells; this was demonstrated by the quantum efficiency measurements.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron‐radiation effect on Freon‐gas‐treated CdTe solar cells

Song

Intl J of Energy Research

et al. 2022

Self Cite

Summary In this study, CdTe solar cells were fabricated, with 12%‐13% efficiencies, using CdCl2 dipping and Freon gas treatments and irradiated with a 6‐MeV electron beam of various fluences. The efficiency of the CdCl2‐dipped samples decreased by approximately 61% at a dose of 1 × 1016 e/cm2, while that of the Freon‐gas‐treated samples was reduced by only 43%. The measured external quantum efficiencies indicated that the short‐circuit current density (Jsc) values of the treated devices differed significantly under the electron‐beam irradiation. The Jsc of the CdCl2‐dipped samples decreased from 23.5 to 10.8 mA/cm2, while that of the Freon‐gas‐treated samples decreased from 24.7 to 16.4 mA/cm2. The drift mobility values, derived through time‐of‐flight measurements, decreased by approximately 1000 times in the CdCl2‐dipped device and by ~100 times in the Freon‐gas‐treated device at a dose of 1 × 1016 e/cm2. These results reveal that in electron‐beam‐irradiated devices, the treatment method influences the reduction in Jsc.

2021 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2021 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Syst

“…Despite conventional crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells monopolize the market more than 92% [1][2][3][4], both the continuous development and enhancement of thin film solar cells (TFSC) make that they are repeatedly being proposed as an alternative to conventional crystalline silicon [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are some studies [3] which show that not always or, at least, it is not so clear that these enhancements in TFSC are true. Other studies try to clarify the behaviour of these technologies [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] but there are higher uncertainties in module parameters and there is no conclusive outcome to their performance compared to c-Si. Our work provides experimental data with some evidence in terms of energy yield that show some doubts about the expected behaviour of CIS technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a CIS based PV generator versus a multi-crystalline generator under outdoor long-term exposure

Parra

Menjivar

Marcos

et al. 2021

The worldwide growth of the PV market has been almost exponential during the last years. Together with conventional crystalline (c-Si) PV modules, "new" commercially available PV technologies such as copper indium selenide (CIS) based solar cells have appeared achieving a similar efficiency comparable to c-Si at similar production cost. In addition to the use of cheaper materials, CIS solar cells manufacturers claim some enhancements such as lower temperature coefficient or higher absorption of diffuse light that achieve to reduce the cost of electrical energy. Although several papers deal with this topic, little is known about real comparisons between CIS technology and conventional crystalline at a PV generator level with real test conditions. This paper analyses the in-field performance and degradation of a commercially available CIS solar based PV generator compared to a conventional c-Si one during four years of operation attributing the differences observed to the possible factors that can influence in both technologies.