Effect of Noninvasive Ventilation vs Oxygen Therapy on Mortality Among Immunocompromised Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure

Abstract

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01915719.

Non-invasive ventilation in hypoxemic acute respiratory failure: is it still possible?

“…Similar results were confirmed whatever the underlying severity of hypoxemia in a post hoc analysis of immunocompromised patients of the previous study [12]. In the same way, another multicentre randomized trial did not show any benefit of NIV compared with oxygen therapy (standard or HFNO) in immunocompromised patients with hypoxemic ARF [13]. These observations have to be interpreted cautiously, since NIV in these trials was used for short median periods of time in patients allocated to this treatment [11,13].…”

“…In the same way, another multicentre randomized trial did not show any benefit of NIV compared with oxygen therapy (standard or HFNO) in immunocompromised patients with hypoxemic ARF [13]. These observations have to be interpreted cautiously, since NIV in these trials was used for short median periods of time in patients allocated to this treatment [11,13]. An additional explanation for these adverse outcomes in hypoxemic ARF could be, as for invasive mechanical ventilation, the potential promotion of ventilator-induced lung injuries, because of a higher expired tidal volume and transpulmonary pressure than expected under NIV [11,12,14].…”

Critically ill allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients in the intensive care unit: reappraisal of actual prognosis

“…99 Several recent publications investigated the place of NIV and HFNC. Lemiale et al 100 compared NIV with standard oxygen therapy in immunocompromised patients with hypoxemic ARF in a multicenter randomized trial (INVICTUS study), and did not find any mortality difference between the two arms. In another study focusing in ARF in hematology patients, once more, NIV did not decrease hospital mortality compared with standard oxygen.…”

High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy: more than a higher amount of oxygen delivery

“…HFNCO is a recently available oxygen supply modality which has recently received considerable attention (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). HFNCO therapy delivers air/oxygen mixture from a blender and is connected via a heated humidifier to a nasal cannula.…”