Effect of Nonerodible Aggregates and Wheat Stubble on Initiation of Soil Drifting

Bisal, Frederick; Ferguson, W. S.

doi:10.4141/cjss70-004

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The maximum soil erosion hazard is in the spring at the end of a fallow period (Bisal and Ferguson 1970). About 200 g m -2 of plant residue are required to protect fine-textured soils from erosion (Bisal and Ferguson 1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence

Moyer¹,

Blackshaw²,

Smith³

et al. 2000

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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S. M. 2000. Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence. Can. J. Plant Sci. 80: 441-449. Cropping systems in western Canada that include summer fallow can leave the soil exposed to erosion and require frequent weed control treatments. Cover crops have been used for soil conservation and to suppress weed growth. Experiments were conducted under rain-fed conditions at Lethbridge, Alberta to determine the effect of short-term fall rye (Secale cereale L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and annual rye cover crops in the fallow year on weed growth and subsequent wheat yield. Under favorable weather conditions fall rye was as effective as post-harvest plus early spring tillage or herbicides in spring weed control. Winter wheat and fall rye residues, after growth was terminated in June, reduced weed biomass in September by 50% compared to no cover crop in 1993 but had little effect on weeds in 1995. Fall-seeded cover crops reduced the density of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber in Wiggers) and Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] but increased the density of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.), and thyme-leaved spurge (Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers.) in the following fall or spring. Wheat yields after fall rye and no cover crop were similar but yields after spring-seeded annual rye were less than after no cover crop. Spring-seeded annual rye did not adequately compete with weeds. Cover crops, unlike the no cover crop treatment, always left sufficient plant residue to protect the soil from erosion until the following wheat crop was seeded. ) et du seigle de printemps comme couvre-sol temporaire dans la sole de jachère sur la croissance des mauvaises herbes et sur les rendements subséquents du blé. Quand les conditions météorologiques sont favorables, le seigle d'automne était aussi efficace pour la maîtrise des mauvaises herbes printanières que les binages post-récolte plus les façons culturales ou l'emploi des herbicides en début de printemps. Le blé d'hiver et les restes de seigle d'automne laissés après l'interruption de la croissance en juin causaient une diminution de 50 % de la biomasse adventice en septembre par rapport aux traitements sans culture couvre-sol, mais en 1995 leur effet sur les mauvaises herbes était faible. Les couvre-sol semés en automne diminuaient la densité d'infestation du pissenlit (Taraxacum officinale Weber in Wiggers) et du chardon des champs [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.], mais ils provoquaient l'accroissement de la densité du brome des toits (Bromus tectorum L.), de la renouée liseron (Polygonum convolvulus L.) et de l'euphorbe à feuilles de serpolets (Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers.) l'automne ou le printemps suivant. Le rendement du blé obtenu suivant une culture de seigle d'automne était le même qu'après une jachère nue, mais après une culture de seigle de printemps il était inférieur. Le seigle semé au printemps ne parvenait pas à soutenir la concurrence des mauvaises herbes. À la différence de...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 200 g m -2 of plant residue are required to protect fine-textured soils from erosion (Bisal and Ferguson 1970). Both the FRYE and SRYE cover crops left sufficient total plant residue to protect the soil from erosion but there was insufficient residue following the NCOV treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence

Moyer¹,

Blackshaw²,

Smith³

et al. 2000

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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show abstract

“…An average of 28% of the non-grain residue of HY320, and 2lVo of thatof \eepawa, was chaff (Cutforth et al 1988). Estimated stubble weight did not reach the 2000 ltg ha-' suggested as necessary for erosion protection in the Bisal and Ferguson (1970) For personal use only. environments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The amount of non-grain residue influences potential soil loss caused by wind erosion (Bisal and Ferguson 1970), and affects the efficiency of soil water storage during the fallow period by reducing evaporation and runoff, and trapping of snow (Smika and Unger 1986). McCalla and Army (1961) estimated that the amount of residue required to provide adequate erosion protection is approximately 800 kg ha-r for medium-textured soils, 1400 kg ha-' for fine-textured soils, and 2000 kg ha-r for coarse-textured soils.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…McCalla and Army (1961) estimated that the amount of residue required to provide adequate erosion protection is approximately 800 kg ha-r for medium-textured soils, 1400 kg ha-' for fine-textured soils, and 2000 kg ha-r for coarse-textured soils. Bisal and Ferguson (1970) (Smika 1983 (Graf et al 1990). and AC Taber (Knox et al 1992 Residue and height data from this study, and information from Cutforth et al (1988) indicating the proportion of total residue comprised of chaff, was used to estimate the weight of l5-cm-tall stubble.…”

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