Effect of nitrogen in combination with elevated temperatures on insects, microbes and organoleptic characteristics of stored currants

Athanassiou, Christos G.; Chiou, Antonia; Rumbos, Christos I.; Sotiroudas, Vasilis; Sakka, Maria Κ.; Nikolidaki, Eirini K.; Panagopoulou, Eirini A.; Kouvelas, A.; Katechaki, Eleftheria; Karathanos, Vaios Τ.

doi:10.1007/s10340-016-0806-z

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Based on our results, resistant populations of O. surinamensis , T. castaneum and S. oryzae are highly susceptible to nitrogen, at the temperatures and exposure levels tested here. The current results stand in accordance with the data previously reported by Athanassiou et al [ 18 ] for stored currants, indicating that complete control is achievable at intervals that are shorter than 7 days, provided that nitrogen is applied in combination with elevated temperatures. Moreover, in that study, the authors noted such an application did not affect the basic properties of the commodity, and, to some extent, nitrogen reduced mold density [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In the same way, progeny production was recorded at 28 °C, but not at 40 °C. Considering the significant effect of temperature in shortening the duration of the application, and taking into account that the commodity is not affected [ 18 ], shorter application times are feasible and can be further implemented in “real world” modified atmosphere applications. The “traditional” protocols of the application of nitrogen that have been proposed during recent decades suggest exposure intervals that are 7 days or longer [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apyrena, each pallet contained 64 boxes of 12.5 kg each) ( Figure 1 ) The dimension of each pallet was 1.60 in high, 0.80 in width and 1.20 in length. Based on a previous study [ 18 ], we selected different conditions for each trial (temperature, exposure time) which are presented in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ofuya and Reichmuth [ 15 ] emphasized the importance and the wide applicability of modified atmospheres as environmentally friendly and economically feasible methods that can be further utilized at the post-harvest stages of agricultural commodities. In most cases, reduction in the oxygen level is achieved through the increase in the levels of either nitrogen or carbon dioxide [ 16 ], with nitrogen becoming more popular during recent years [ 14 , 17 , 18 ]. Nitrogen is approximately 78% in the atmosphere and can be easily elevated in a target facility through nitrogen generators or pumps that are able to take the nitrogen from the air and introduce the gas in the area that is to be treated [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Athanassiou et al [ 18 ] tested nitrogen in commercial chambers and found that the increase in the temperature during the application from 28 to 38–43 °C increased the efficacy of the method and sufficiently shortened its application period. In that study, the authors found that the use of nitrogen under increased temperatures could successfully control different life stages of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae); the tobacco moth, Ephestia elutella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae); and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) [ 18 ]. The use of atmospheric nitrogen can be implemented in different types of facilities, ranging from chambers to large silos [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Nitrogen on Phosphine-Susceptible and -Resistant Populations of Stored Product Insects

Sakka

Gatzali²,

Karathanos

et al. 2020

Insects

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In this study, we evaluated nitrogen treatment on phosphine-resistant field and -susceptible laboratory populations of different stored product beetles. Nine trials were conducted in commercial nitrogen chambers with the O2 level set at 1.0%. Two different temperatures—i.e., 28 and 40 °C—and three exposure intervals—i.e., 2.5, 3 and 9 d—were used in our tests. Adults of the sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae); the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae); and the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) were used in the trials. The insects were placed in vials with different commodities per species and population, and their mortality was measured after the termination of each trial. Then, the vials were kept in incubator chambers at 25 °C and 65% relative humidity for 65 d to measure progeny production. Complete parental mortality was observed in all cases for O. surinamensis and S. oryzae, but there was some survival for T. castaneum at 28 °C and 3 d of exposure. In general, progeny production was completely (100%) suppressed, with some exceptions for all species and populations. The results indicate that low oxygen is effective for all species tested, regardless of their resistance status to phosphine, and can be further adopted as an alternative method to mitigate resistance in stored product beetles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Nitrogen on Phosphine-Susceptible and -Resistant Populations of Stored Product Insects

Sakka

Gatzali²,

Karathanos

et al. 2020

Insects

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Utilizing low oxygen to mitigate resistance of stored product insects to phosphine

2022

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BACKGROUND Data are provided on the utilization of modified atmospheres, at a commercial scale, against stored product insect populations that are resistant to phosphine. The method is evaluated on different populations of two major stored‐product beetle species, Rhyzopertha dominica and Oryzaephilus surinamensis. The trials were carried out in commercial facilities, in which nitrogen was introduced through an embedded nitrogen generator. Each chamber contained three or four pallets of either currants or herbs. A computational model was developed to evaluate the nitrogen concentration. RESULTS In most trials, 100% mortality was recorded for both beetle species and all populations, regardless of the temperature and exposure intervals tested. Control progeny production ranged between 20 and 45 adults per vial for R. dominica, and 29 and 27 adults per vial for O. surinamensis. Simulation results reveal that nitrogen can easily penetrate the currants, and its concentration is uniform (differences are below 1.5%) across the pallet. Additionally, the simulation model revealed that lower temperatures do not have an impact on the nitrogen concentration profiles. CONCLUSIONS The modified atmosphere applications evaluated here were proved to be effective for all populations, regardless of the level of resistance to phosphine, and any survival could be attributed to the short exposure intervals. Modified atmosphere applications can be effective at a considerably short exposure interval, even at 2.5 days, which is an incontestable advantage for the use of this method against insects, at exposures comparable with those of commercial fumigations. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Insect Pest Management in Stored Grain

Daglish

Nayak

Arthur

et al. 2018

Recent Advances in Stored Product Protection

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Effect of nitrogen in combination with elevated temperatures on insects, microbes and organoleptic characteristics of stored currants

Cited by 21 publications

References 59 publications

Effect of Nitrogen on Phosphine-Susceptible and -Resistant Populations of Stored Product Insects

Effect of Nitrogen on Phosphine-Susceptible and -Resistant Populations of Stored Product Insects

Utilizing low oxygen to mitigate resistance of stored product insects to phosphine

Insect Pest Management in Stored Grain

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