Effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield and nitrogen and water use efficiencies of winter wheat (durum and bread) varieties grown under conditions found in Central Anatolia

Halitligil, Mahmut Basri; Akın, Ali İbrahim; Bilgin, Nesteren; Deniz, Yusuf; Öğretir, Karani; Altınel, Bülent; Işık, Yusuf

doi:10.1007/s003740050642

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For example, WUE of a maize/cowpea intercrop in middle N level to high N level can be increased compared to the control of NPK application [ 39 ]; millet WUE is significantly affected by N levels, as N level is increased to a high level, WUE was higher than that at low and middle N level [ 40 ]. However, excessive amount of fertilizer exaggerated warm drought stress as the coupling effect of water and fertilizer [ 41 , 42 , 43 ], so that crop WUE declined and crop resilience disappeared. This decreasing resilience through prolonged warm-dry environment suggests that farmland system are closer to a water threshold which, when crossed, will result in soil drought problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Crop Water Use Efficiency to Climate Change and Agronomic Measures in the Semiarid Area of Northern China

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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It has long been concerned how crop water use efficiency (WUE) responds to climate change. Most of existing researches have emphasized the impact of single climate factor but have paid less attention to the effect of developed agronomic measures on crop WUE. Based on the long-term field observations/experiments data, we investigated the changing responses of crop WUE to climate variables (temperature and precipitation) and agronomic practices (fertilization and cropping patterns) in the semi-arid area of northern China (SAC) during two periods, 1983–1999 and 2000–2010 (drier and warmer). Our results suggest that crop WUE was an intrinsical system sensitive to climate change and agronomic measures. Crops tend to reach the maximum WUE (WUEmax) in warm-dry environment while reach the stable minimum WUE (WUEmin) in warm-wet environment, with a difference between WUEmax and WUEmin ranging from 29.0%-55.5%. Changes in temperature and precipitation in the past three decades jointly enhanced crop WUE by 8.1%-30.6%. Elevated fertilizer and rotation cropping would increase crop WUE by 5.6–11.0% and 19.5–92.9%, respectively. These results indicate crop has the resilience by adjusting WUE, which is not only able to respond to subsequent periods of favorable water balance but also to tolerate the drought stress, and reasonable agronomic practices could enhance this resilience. However, this capacity would break down under impact of climate changes and unconscionable agronomic practices (e.g. excessive N/P/K fertilizer or traditional continuous cropping). Based on the findings in this study, a conceptual crop WUE model is constructed to indicate the threshold of crop resilience, which could help the farmer develop appropriate strategies in adapting the adverse impacts of climate warming.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Crop Water Use Efficiency to Climate Change and Agronomic Measures in the Semiarid Area of Northern China

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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“…The percentage of nitrogen derived from fertilizer (Ndff) and the soil residual N (Ndfs) (%), N recovery efficiency (%), N residual efficiency (%), and potential N losses (%) were calculated according to Equations (1)-(6), respectively, referring to the methods of Halitligil et al, Yang et al [32,33], and Wang et al [34].…”

Section: Plant and Soil Sampling Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Nitrogen Practice in Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation Affecting the Fates of 15N-Labeled Fertilizer

et al. 2020

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Lower nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE) and negative environmental impacts caused by excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization threaten the sustainability of agriculture. Efficient and appropriate fertilization practices are extremely important to achieve higher crop yield with minimum N loss. A field microplot experiment was conducted in a wheat-maize rotation system in Shaanxi province, at North China Plain, using the 15N isotope tracer technique to qualify the different annual N managements in terms of crop yield, NRE, N distribution in plant-soil, and N losses to optimize the N management. The experiment included four N treatments: conventional practice with 510 kg ha−1 annually in four applications (N1), and three optimized N treatments, reducing N rate to 420 kg ha−1, adjusting topdressing fertilizer times and using slow-release fertilizer (SRF) (N2, N3, N4). The results showed that the grain yield and N uptake did not differ significantly among treatments. N from fertilizer taken up (Ndff) by wheat was not affected by N management; however, in maize, Ndff performed differently. Optimized treatments significantly decreased the Ndff as compared to N1 treatment. Furthermore, NRE of wheat and annual nitrogen recovery efficiency (annual NRE) did not differ among treatments in 2016 but significantly increased in 2017 compared to N1. Annual NRE in 2017 was similar to that obtained for wheat. For maize, optimized N managements decreased the NRE in N3 and N4 treatments of two years. Potential losses in wheat were also similar amongst treatments, but in maize, N3 and N4 had lower residual N in the soil’s top 60 cm but resulted in higher potential losses than N1 and N2. Overall, our results demonstrate that applying 420 kg N ha−1 annually in three applications and combining SRF and urea are effective to sustain crop yield, improve the efficiency of N usage by maize, and reduce N losses in this region.

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“…Fertilizer application can stimulate deeper rooting of winter wheat, making a greater quantity of stored soil-water available to the plant, thereby reducing potential water stress (Read et al 1982), and its importance for increasing yield and improving soil quality has long been observed in dryland farming (Halitligil et al 2000;Wiedenfeld 2000). However, larger aboveground biomass and transpirational leaf area, stimulated by increased fertilizer, results in greater transpiration and water loss from the crop canopy (Ritchie and Johnson 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Responses of soil water balance and precipitation storage efficiency to increased fertilizer application in winter wheat

2011

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Increased fertilizer use over many years may have detrimental effects on crop production due to its high soil water consumption in rainfed regions. In this study, based on a long-term fertilization experiment initiated in 1984, we report the effect of increased fertilization on soil water balance, precipitation storage efficiency (PSE), yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat from 2005 to 2009. The experimental design consisted of a control treatment (CK) and three fertilizer treatments: nitrogen, phosphorus and manure (NPM), nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), and nitrogen (N). Soil water storage in NP and NPM was significantly lower than that in CK and N at both harvest and planting time. Compared with the CK, on average, treatments N, NP and NPM increased soil water recharge during the fallow period by 11%, 22% and 17%, and they also increased soil water depletion during growing season by 17%, 23% and 23% (P<0.05), respectively. The average value of annual soil water balance was positive for all treatments, and was not significantly different among treatments. Increased fertilizer application significantly (P<0.05) increased PSE during the summer fallow periods, and the average PSE was 28%, 32%, 34% and 33% for CK, N, NP and NPM, respectively. Wheat yield and water use efficiency increased significantly after long term fertilization, especially for treatments NP and NPM. The results indicated that more of rainfall was used for evapotranspiration and less was lost during the fallow season for the high fertility treatments after long term fertilizer application. In the long run, such changes in water use pattern could help to improve the sustainability of winter wheat production.

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Effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield and nitrogen and water use efficiencies of winter wheat (durum and bread) varieties grown under conditions found in Central Anatolia

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Responses of Crop Water Use Efficiency to Climate Change and Agronomic Measures in the Semiarid Area of Northern China

Responses of Crop Water Use Efficiency to Climate Change and Agronomic Measures in the Semiarid Area of Northern China

Optimal Nitrogen Practice in Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation Affecting the Fates of 15N-Labeled Fertilizer

Responses of soil water balance and precipitation storage efficiency to increased fertilizer application in winter wheat

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