Effect of nickel on the kinematic stability of retained austenite in carburized bearing steels – In-situ neutron diffraction and crystal plasticity modeling of uniaxial tension tests in AISI 8620, 4320 and 3310 steels

Bedekar, Vikram; Voothaluru, Rohit; Yu, Dunji; Wong, Adriel; Galindo-Nava, E.I.; Gorti, Sarma B; An, Ke; Hyde, R. Scott

doi:10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102748

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Physical and mechanical properties were extracted from Davis et al [23], and chemical compositions of H13, 25CrMo4. 53 HRC, AISI3310, and AISI316 were obtained from [24][25][26][27][28][29], respectively. Material selection criteria for die components included Young's modulus, hardness of the workpiece material, and availability on the market.…”

Section: Materials Geometrical Dimensions and Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Die Material and Its Impact on the Multi-Material Extrusion of Bimetallic AZ31B–Ti6Al4V Components for Aeronautical Applications

2021

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This paper investigates the effect that the selection of the die material generates on the extrusion process of bimetallic cylindrical billets combining a magnesium alloy core (AZ31B) and a titanium alloy sleeve (Ti6Al4V) of interest in aeronautical applications. A robust finite element model is developed to analyze the variation in the extrusion force, damage distribution, and wear using different die materials. The results show that die material is a key factor to be taken into account in multi-material extrusion processes. The die material selection can cause variations in the extrusion force from 8% up to 15%, changing the effect of the extrusion parameters, for example, optimum die semi-angle. Damage distribution in the extrudate is also affected by die material, mainly in the core. Lastly, die wear is the most affected parameter due to the different hardness of the materials, as well as due to the variations in the normal pressure and sliding velocity, finding critical values in the friction coefficient for which the die cannot be used for more than one forming stage because of the heavy wear suffered. These results can potentially be used to improve the efficiency of this kind of extrusion process and the quality of the extruded part that, along with the use of lightweight materials, can contribute to sustainable production approaches.

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Section: Materials Geometrical Dimensions and Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Die Material and Its Impact on the Multi-Material Extrusion of Bimetallic AZ31B–Ti6Al4V Components for Aeronautical Applications

2021

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“…A comparison of the tensile strength and TE of other steels with microalloying elements (such as maraging steel [ 31 ], TWIP steel [ 32 ], TRIP steel [ 33 ], medium-Mn steel (MMS) [ 4 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], and QP steel [ 40 ]) and the present steel is shown in Figure 16 . It is obvious that the best combination of the strength and ductility of the studied steel is over 50 GPa·%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Medium-Mn Steel with 1.3 GPa-Strength and 40%-Ductility

et al. 2021

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Steel designs with superior mechanical properties have been urgently needed in automotive industries to achieve energy conservation, increase safety, and decrease weight. In this study, the aging process is employed to enhance the yield strength (YS) by tailoring the distribution of V-rich precipitates and to improve ductility by producing high volume fractions of recrystallized ferrite in cold-rolled medium-Mn steel. A reliable method to acquire ultra-high strength (1.0–1.5 GPa), together with ductility (>40%), is proposed via utilizing non-recrystallized austenite and recrystallized ferrite. Similarly to conventional medium-Mn steels, the TRIP effect, along with the mild TWIP effect, is responsible for the main deformation mechanisms during tensile testing. However, the coupled influence of precipitation strengthening, grain refinement strengthening, and dislocation strengthening contributes to an increase in YS. The studied steel, aged at 650 °C for 5 h, demonstrates a YS of 1078 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 1438 MPa, and tensile elongation (TE) of 30%. The studied steel aged at 650 °C for 10 h shows a UTS of 1306 MPa and TE of 42%, resulting in the best product in terms of of UTS and TE, at 55 GPa·%. Such a value surpasses that of the previously reported medium-Mn steels containing equal mass fractions of various microalloying elements.

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“…This allows the development of a 40 × 40 × 40 model which has been generated with 50 different instantiations for orientation inputs that were randomly generated from a Gaussian normal distribution. This approach has been validated for other polycrystalline materials owing to the size independence of the models [32]. The boundary conditions were those followed by Smit [33], Kumar et al [34], and Zhang [35].…”

Section: Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Crack Initiation of Metals Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing—A Crystal Plasticity Energy-Based Approach to IN718 Life Prediction

Voothaluru

Liu

2020

Crystals

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There has been a long-standing need in the marketplace for the economic production of small lots of components that have complex geometry. A potential solution is additive manufacturing (AM). AM is a manufacturing process that adds material from the bottom up. It has the distinct advantages of low preparation costs and a high geometric creation capability. However, the wide range of industrial processing conditions results in large variations in the fatigue lives of metal components fabricated using AM. One of the main reasons for this variation of fatigue lives is differences in microstructure. Our methodology incorporated a crystal plasticity finite element model (CPFEM) that was able to simulate a stress–strain response based on a set of randomly generated representative volume elements. The main advantage of this approach was that the model determined the elastic constants (C11, C12, and C44), the critical resolved shear stress (g0), and the strain hardening modulus (h0) as a function of microstructure. These coefficients were determined based on the stress–strain relationships derived from the tensile test results. By incorporating the effect of microstructure on the elastic constants (C), the shear stress amplitude (Δτ2) can be computed more accurately. In addition, by considering the effect of microstructure on the critical resolved shear stress (g0) and the strain hardening modulus (h0), the localized dislocation slip and plastic slip per cycle (Δγp2) can be precisely calculated by CPFEM. This study represents a major advance in fatigue research by modeling the crack initiation life of materials fabricated by AM with different microstructures. It is also a tool for designing laser AM processes that can fabricate components that meet the fatigue requirements of specific applications.

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Effect of nickel on the kinematic stability of retained austenite in carburized bearing steels – In-situ neutron diffraction and crystal plasticity modeling of uniaxial tension tests in AISI 8620, 4320 and 3310 steels

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Selection of Die Material and Its Impact on the Multi-Material Extrusion of Bimetallic AZ31B–Ti6Al4V Components for Aeronautical Applications

Selection of Die Material and Its Impact on the Multi-Material Extrusion of Bimetallic AZ31B–Ti6Al4V Components for Aeronautical Applications

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Medium-Mn Steel with 1.3 GPa-Strength and 40%-Ductility

Fatigue Crack Initiation of Metals Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing—A Crystal Plasticity Energy-Based Approach to IN718 Life Prediction

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