Effect of neutering and breed on femoral and tibial physeal closure times in male and female domestic cats

Perry, Karen L; Fordham, Alice; Arthurs, Gareth

doi:10.1177/1098612x13502977

Cited by 26 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This delay may result in the lengthening of the associated bones (Root and others 1997), thus making growth plates more susceptible to injury (Salmeri and others 1991, Stubbs and others 1996), in particular, to fracture (Root Kustritz 1999). However, the clinical relevance of slower physeal maturation remains unclear (Stubbs and others 1996, Root Kustritz 1999, 2013, Perry and others 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between age at gonadectomy and health problems in kittens adopted from shelters

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prepubertal gonadectomy (PPG) is promoted as a way of managing overpopulation in cats, but concerns about PPG and potential health issues still exist. The objective of the present study was to evaluate short-term and long-term health problems in cats subjected to PPG in comparison to gonadectomy at traditional age (TAG). In a prospective clinical trial, 800 shelter kittens aged between approximately 8 weeks and 12 weeks were recruited before adoption and randomly assigned to either the PPG group (gonadectomy performed immediately) or the TAG group (gonadectomy delayed until six months to eight months of age). Short-term health issues included mortality between when kittens arrived at the clinic and up to seven days after they returned to the shelter, as well as the occurrence of various other health issues arising in the first month following adoption. Kittens were followed-up until 24 months of age specifically for feline lower urinary tract disease, urethral obstruction (male cats), lameness, fractures and hypersensitivity disorders with dermatological presentation. In the short term, there were no significant differences between health problems in PPG and TAG kittens. Similarly, no significant differences were observed between treatment groups in terms of the type or number of health issues in the long term. In conclusion, there are no health-related contraindications to advocating PPG strategies in shelter cats. Ideally, PPG should be performed at the shelter facility itself as long as excellent infectious disease control and postoperative clinical observation before adoption are guaranteed

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between age at gonadectomy and health problems in kittens adopted from shelters

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is important to highlight that this paper investigates female guinea pigs for a number of reasons. Differences in bone development have been attributed to sex and neuter status ( May, Bennett & Downham, 1991 ; Perry, Fordham & Arthurs, 2014 ; Root, Johnston & Olson, 1997 ) but the additional strain of lactation and pregnancy in the female may further decrease calcium content of bones ( Horwits & Smith, 1990 ) and may therefore increase the potential of bone damage in this sex. In the pet and meat industry a greater number of female guinea pigs are present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed tomography analysis of guinea pig bone: architecture, bone thickness and dimensions throughout development

Witkowska

Alibhai

Hughes

et al. 2014

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The domestic guinea pig, Cavia aperea f. porcellus, belongs to the Caviidae family of rodents. It is an important species as a pet, a source of food and in medical research. Adult weight is achieved at 8–12 months and life expectancy is ∼5–6 years. Our aim was to map bone local thickness, structure and dimensions across developmental stages in the normal animal. Guinea pigs (n = 23) that had died of natural causes were collected and the bones manually extracted and cleaned. Institutional ethical permission was given under the UK Home Office guidelines and the Veterinary Surgeons Act. X-ray Micro Computed Tomography (microCT) was undertaken on the left and right scapula, humerus and femur from each animal to ascertain bone local thickness. Images were also used to undertake manual and automated bone measurements, volumes and surface areas, identify and describe nutrient, supratrochlear and supracondylar foramina. Statistical analysis between groups was carried out using ANOVA with post-hoc testing. Our data mapped a number of dimensions, and mean and maximum bone thickness of the scapula, humerus and femur in guinea pigs aged 0–1 month, 1–3 months, 3–6 months, 6 months–1 year and 1–4 years. Bone dimensions, growth rates and local bone thicknesses differed between ages and between the scapula, humerus and femur. The microCT and imaging software technology showed very distinct differences between the relative local bone thickness across the structure of the bones. Only one bone showed a singular nutrient foramen, every other bone had between 2 and 5, and every nutrient canal ran in an oblique direction. In contrast to other species, a supratrochlear foramen was observed in every humerus whereas the supracondylar foramen was always absent. Our data showed the bone local thickness, bone structure and measurements of guinea pig bones from birth to 4 years old. Importantly it showed that bone development continued after 1 year, the point at which most guinea pigs have reached full weight. This study is the first to show the high abundance (100% in this study) of the supratrochlear foramen within the guinea pig humerus and the complete absence of a supracondylar foramen, which is different to many other species and may also affect potential fracture points and frequencies. Understanding bone morphology and growth is essential in not only understanding the requirements of the healthy guinea pig, but also necessary in order to investigate disease states.

show abstract

“…Differences in bone development have also been attributed to sex and neuter status (May et al 1991;Perry et al 2014;Root et al 1997), therefore it is important to highlight that the male guinea pig rates of growth and bone development characteristics may differ in relation to our study, as may neutered females. In addition to this, further variation may be seen within the female as lactation and pregnancy are known to alter calcium content of bones (Horwits & Smith 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It is important to highlight that this paper investigates female guinea pigs for a number of reasons. Differences in bone development have been attributed to sex and neuter status (May et al 1991;Perry et al 2014;Root et al 1997) but the additional strain of lactation and pregnancy in the female may further decrease calcium content of bones (Horwits & Smith 1990) and may therefore increase the potential of bone damage in this sex. In the pet and meat industry a greater number of female guinea pigs are present.…”

Section: Reviewing Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Computed tomography analysis of guinea pig bone: architecture, bone thickness and dimensions throughout development (v0.1)"

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The domestic guinea pig, Cavia aperea f. porcellus, belongs to the Caviidae family of rodents. It is an important species as a pet, a source of food and in medical research. Adult weight is achieved at 812 months and life expectancy is ~56 years. Our aim was to map bone local thickness, structure and dimensions across developmental stages in the normal animal. Guinea pigs (n=23) that had died of natural causes were collected and the bones manually extracted and cleaned. Institutional ethical permission was given under the UK Home Office guidelines and the Veterinary Surgeons Act. Xray Micro Computed Tomography (microCT) was undertaken on the left and right scapula, humerus and femur from each animal to ascertain bone local thickness. Images were also used to undertake manual and automated bone measurements, volumes and surface areas, identify and describe nutrient, supratrochlear and supracondylar foramina. Statistical analysis between groups was carried out using ANOVA with posthoc testing. Our data mapped a number of dimensions, and mean and maximum bone thickness of the scapula, humerus and femur in guinea pigs aged 01 month, 13 months, 36 months, 6 months1 year and 14 years. Bone dimensions, growth rates and local bone thicknesses differed between ages and between the scapula, humerus and femur. The microCT and imaging software technology showed very distinct differences between the relative local bone thickness across the structure of the bones. Only one bone showed a singular nutrient foramen, every other bone had between 2 and 5, and every nutrient canal ran in an oblique direction. In contrast to other species, a supratrochlear foramen was observed in every humerus whereas the supracondylar foramen was always absent. Our data is the first to show the bone local thickness, bone structure and measurements of guinea pig bones from birth to 4 years old. Importantly it showed that bone development continued after 1 year, the point at which most guinea pigs have reached full weight. This study is the first to show the high abundance (100% in this study) of the supratrochlear foramen within the guinea pig humerus and the complete absence of a supracondylar foramen, which is different to many other species and may also affect potential fracture points and frequencies. Understanding bone morphology and growth is essential in not only understanding the requirements of the healthy guinea pig, but also necessary in order to investigate disease states.

show abstract

Effect of neutering and breed on femoral and tibial physeal closure times in male and female domestic cats

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Relationship between age at gonadectomy and health problems in kittens adopted from shelters

Relationship between age at gonadectomy and health problems in kittens adopted from shelters

Computed tomography analysis of guinea pig bone: architecture, bone thickness and dimensions throughout development

Peer Review #1 of "Computed tomography analysis of guinea pig bone: architecture, bone thickness and dimensions throughout development (v0.1)"

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About