“…This may explain in part the promotive effect of O. basilicum extract on increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes in infected tomato plants. These data clearly suggest that O. basilicum extract prevents F. oxysporum wilt disease development through a mechanism involved in activation of antioxidant defensive enzymes (Farag Hanaa et al 2011).…”
Akladious, S. A., Isaac, G. S. and Abu-Tahon, M. A. 2015. Induction and resistance against Fusarium wilt disease of tomato by using sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L) extract. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 689Á701. The antifungal activity of Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil) extract against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 3 the causal agent of tomato wilt and its ability in inducing disease resistance were studied in vivo using seed-soaking treatment before sowing. Plants were harvested at 45 and 105 d (vegetative and flowering stages) after sowing. Treatment with O. basilicum extract decreased the disease incidence from 94.70 to 18.00%. Results revealed that growth parameters and photosynthetic pigments were markedly inhibited in tomato plants in response to Fusarium wilt disease, whereas the contents of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants were increased as compared with healthy control plants. Moreover, presoaking in basil extract enhanced all the mentioned parameters in both healthy and infected plants. SDS-PAGE analysis of tomato leaves revealed that seed treated with basil extract resulted in an induction of novel protein bands during the vegetative stage. These new proteins were not detected in untreated healthy or infected control plants. Electrophoretic studies of polyphenol oxidase, esterase and malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes showed wide variations in their intensities and densities among all treatments. It seems that O. basilicum extract was able to enhance the biological control of Fusarium wilt disease of tomato.
“…This may explain in part the promotive effect of O. basilicum extract on increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes in infected tomato plants. These data clearly suggest that O. basilicum extract prevents F. oxysporum wilt disease development through a mechanism involved in activation of antioxidant defensive enzymes (Farag Hanaa et al 2011).…”
Akladious, S. A., Isaac, G. S. and Abu-Tahon, M. A. 2015. Induction and resistance against Fusarium wilt disease of tomato by using sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L) extract. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 689Á701. The antifungal activity of Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil) extract against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 3 the causal agent of tomato wilt and its ability in inducing disease resistance were studied in vivo using seed-soaking treatment before sowing. Plants were harvested at 45 and 105 d (vegetative and flowering stages) after sowing. Treatment with O. basilicum extract decreased the disease incidence from 94.70 to 18.00%. Results revealed that growth parameters and photosynthetic pigments were markedly inhibited in tomato plants in response to Fusarium wilt disease, whereas the contents of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants were increased as compared with healthy control plants. Moreover, presoaking in basil extract enhanced all the mentioned parameters in both healthy and infected plants. SDS-PAGE analysis of tomato leaves revealed that seed treated with basil extract resulted in an induction of novel protein bands during the vegetative stage. These new proteins were not detected in untreated healthy or infected control plants. Electrophoretic studies of polyphenol oxidase, esterase and malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes showed wide variations in their intensities and densities among all treatments. It seems that O. basilicum extract was able to enhance the biological control of Fusarium wilt disease of tomato.
“…The aqueous leaf extracts of neem and willow ( Salix babylonica ) reduced the incidence of Fusarium wilt in tomato seedlings through increase in the activities of POX and its isoenzyme(s) (Farag Hanaa et al. ). Bhuvaneshwari and Paul () demonstrated that foliar application of neem extract could lead to systemic induction of iso‐POX and iso‐PPO, responsible for reduced bacterial speck symptoms on tomato.…”
Cell walls of plants are complex structures impregnated with various proteins having wide array of functions. In this study, twenty-eight proteins isolated from tomato cell walls were subjected to MALDI-TOF MS followed by mass peak analysis using ORIGIN 6 software. The mass peaks subjected to MASCOT and ProFound databases for peptide mass fingerprinting led to the identification of 9 protein domains. These proteins were further classified according to their functions. Fruit extracts of A. indica could elicit induction, localization and functioning of peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and their isoenzymes in cell walls of Lycopersicum esculentum (tomato) against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. The results revealed the possible involvement of cell wall-bound proteins in defence of plants against the invading pathogens. A number of novel isoenzymes of both POX and PPO were found to be located in the cell walls of the plants treated with neem extract. Neem extract can induce accumulation and binding of isoenzymes to cell walls. These isoenzymes could possibly protect host plants against the invading pathogens.
“…There are some other reports about the effect of aqueous plant extracts (AE) on F. oxysporum. For example, 10% Neem (Azadirachta indica) and willow (Salix babylonica) aqueous extracts reduced disease incidence by 25.5% and 27.8%, respectively, after 6 weeks of infection [37]. Among others, aqueous extracts of 8% onion (Allium cepa) and ≥ 4% marigold (Tagetes sp) inhibited 73% and 79% of F. oxisporum growth, respectively [38].…”
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