Effect of neat kaolin and CuO/Kaolin on the yield and composition of products from pyrolysis of polystyrene waste

Hadi, Bashar; Sokoto, Abdullahi Muhammad; Garba, Mahmud Muhammad; Muhammad, Aminu Bayawa

doi:10.1080/15567036.2016.1201548

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“… 34 , 35 Also, GL catalyzes the coal pyrolysis process and increases the release amount of oxygen, leading to the reduction of the number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the coke surface and weakening the catalytic activity of Ca. 36 It can be seen that GL can effectively weaken the catalytic effect of Ca on coke reactivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The catalytic effect of Ca on the coke gasification reaction needs to meet the following conditions: (1) uniform distribution on the coke surface with a non-sintering form, (2) combination with the active oxygen-containing functional groups in coke, (3) generation of active sites on the coke surface . The addition of GL can transform Ca into stable silicoaluminate and reduce its activity. , Also, GL catalyzes the coal pyrolysis process and increases the release amount of oxygen, leading to the reduction of the number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the coke surface and weakening the catalytic activity of Ca . It can be seen that GL can effectively weaken the catalytic effect of Ca on coke reactivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Additives on Coke Reactivity and Sulfur Transformation during Co-pyrolysis of Long Flame Coal and High-Sulfur Coking Coal

Shen

Guo

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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A silica-aluminum-based mineral (GL) was selected for inspecting the effects of interactions of minerals in coal blends on the coke reactivity index (CRI) and sulfur transformation during co-pyrolysis of long flame coal and high-sulfur coking coal. Results indicate a good compatibility for the supply of active hydrogen, decomposition of sulfur, and regulation of reactivity. The experimental values of sulfur content in different coal blend cokes are lower than the calculated values, which can be determined as a result of the directional regulation effect of long flame coal on sulfur transformation. The addition of GL in coal blends significantly reduces the CRI of the corresponding coke, and the effect of GL on coke reactivity is also verified by a 10 kg coke oven experiment. When increasing the ratio of long flame coal, the sulfur fixation in the solid phase has a tendency to be enhanced by alkaline minerals. Also, GL plays a role in reducing the capture of sulfur free radicals by alkaline minerals, which improves the sulfur removal during pyrolysis of coal blends and then reduces the sulfur content in coke. This work provides a reference for using silica-aluminum-based minerals to reduce the capture of sulfur and catalytic effect on coke reactivity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Additives on Coke Reactivity and Sulfur Transformation during Co-pyrolysis of Long Flame Coal and High-Sulfur Coking Coal

Shen

Guo

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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“…The impregnation method was used in preparing the heterogeneous catalyst as reported by Cecilia et.al., (2019), Hadi et., al (2017 and Schuth and Unger (1997) with little modification.…”

Section: Impregnation Of the Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of runs were repeated in order to check the reproducibility of the results, and the same procedure was repeated for each catalyst (Nachenius et. al, 2013;Hadi et al, 2017). The yield of liquid product was calculated from equation (3.1).…”

Section: Description Of the Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemoprevalence of Salmonellae Infections in Sheep in Maiduguri, Nigeria: A study Using Abattoir Samples

2024

AJBAR

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Thermal and Catalytic conversion of hospital plastic waste into liquid fuel using kaolin base supported catalysts was conducted, the plastic waste samples were collected from Usmanu Danfodiyo University teaching Hospital Sokoto, which encompassed Drip bags (Linear lowdensity polyethylene LLDPE), Hand gloves (Polyethylene terephthalate PET) and Urine bags (Polyurethane PU). Uncatalyzed pyrolysis was first carried out using thermal cracking only at 300, 350, and 400 0 C. Catalyzed pyrolysis was also conducted using three different active catalyst mounted on same support and equal catalytic ratio of active catalyst to support. CuO/Kaolin (CAT.A), Fe 2 O 3 /Kaolin (CAT.B) and CaO/Kaolin (CAT.C). The catalytic activities of all the three synthesized catalysts were successfully tested in the conversion of hospital plastic waste into liquid fuel. However, the pyrolysis using (CAT.B) was found to be more promising than the others in terms of the liquid selectivity (yield) and the nature of hydrocarbon related compound in the liquid fraction. The results indicated that CAT.B has lower cocking tendency than the others. The FTIR and GC/MS analysis revealed the chemical composition and carbon number distribution of the liquid fraction which indicate the presence of paraffinic, naphthenic and olefins hydrocarbon compounds as the dominant component in the liquid fraction obtained. Thus, the liquid fraction obtained has potential to be used in various energy and transportation applications after further refining process.

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“…In summarizing, the highest liquid yields described in the articles concerned with kaolin catalysts for different plastics are 78.7 wt% for HDPE over nitric acid-treated kaolin [ 14 ], 99.82 wt% for LDPE on neat kaolin powder [ 19 ], 92 wt% for PP on sulfuric acid-treated kaolin [ 25 ], and 96.37 wt% for PS over pristine kaolin [ 29 ]. Quite expectably, the most efficient catalysts were obtained using acidic treatment, which led to the generation of a sufficient number of acidic sites.…”

Section: Kaolin Group Catalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermocatalytic Conversion of Plastics into Liquid Fuels over Clays

2022

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Recycling polymer waste is a great challenge in the context of the growing use of plastics. Given the non-renewability of fossil fuels, the task of processing plastic waste into liquid fuels seems to be a promising one. Thermocatalytic conversion is one of the methods that allows obtaining liquid products of the required hydrocarbon range. Clays and clay minerals can be distinguished among possible environmentally friendly, cheap, and common catalysts. The moderate acidity and the presence of both Lewis and Brønsted acid sites on the surface of clays favor heavier hydrocarbons in liquid products of reactions occurring in their pores. Liquids produced with the use of clays are often reported as being in the gasoline and diesel range. In this review, the comprehensive information on the thermocatalytic conversion of plastics over clays obtained during the last two decades was summarized. The main experimental parameters for catalytic conversion of plastics according to the articles’ analysis, were the reaction temperature, the acidity of modified catalysts, and the catalyst-to-plastic ratio. The best clay catalysts observed were the following: bentonite/spent fluid cracking catalyst for high-density polyethylene (HDPE); acid-restructured montmorillonite for medium-density polyethylene (MDPE); neat kaolin powder for low-density polyethylene (LDPE); Ni/acid-washed bentonite clay for polypropylene (PP); neat kaolin for polystyrene (PS); Fe-restructured natural clay for a mixture of polyethylene, PP, PS, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The main problem in using natural clays and clay minerals as catalysts is their heterogeneous composition, which can vary even within the same deposit. The serpentine group is of interest in studying its catalytic properties as fairly common clay minerals.

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Effect of neat kaolin and CuO/Kaolin on the yield and composition of products from pyrolysis of polystyrene waste

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of Additives on Coke Reactivity and Sulfur Transformation during Co-pyrolysis of Long Flame Coal and High-Sulfur Coking Coal

Effects of Additives on Coke Reactivity and Sulfur Transformation during Co-pyrolysis of Long Flame Coal and High-Sulfur Coking Coal

Haemoprevalence of Salmonellae Infections in Sheep in Maiduguri, Nigeria: A study Using Abattoir Samples

Thermocatalytic Conversion of Plastics into Liquid Fuels over Clays

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