“…16,17 Since then, academics have worked to better understand the procedure and have begun to develop it by examining the impact of the ARB parameters involved, performing hot ARB, using it on a variety of metals and reinforcement particles, creating multilayered composites, and evaluating their mechanical and microstructural characteristics, texture, and other characteristics. [18][19][20][21] Several Al-based composites, including Al/SiC, 22 Al/Al 2 O 3 , 23 Al/TiO 2 , 24,25 Al/SiO 2 , 26 Al/W, 27 and Al/WC, 28 have been produced using the ARB approach. The use of severe plastic deformation, which refines the grains and hence enhances the strength in accordance with the hall-Petch relation without affecting the sample's size, is the main procedure in ARB.…”