Effect of NaHS on carbonic anhydrase activity of human erythrocyte

Liu

et al. 2019

Phycological Research

SUMMARY Ulva prolifera is a green‐tide‐forming macroalga dominating the green tides in the Yellow Sea from 2007 to 2019. The exponential growth of U. prolifera, and the correlating accumulation of biomass, rely heavily on its carbon fixation capability. Despite the importance of carbon fixation in algal growth, to date none of the genes involved in carbon fixation have undergone molecular characterization in U. prolifera. This study used Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) to characterize one full‐length carbonic anhydrase (CA) gene of U. prolifera (UpαCA1). An activity assay showed that UpαCA1 was an active CA. Real‐time quantitative PCR results showed that temperature, irradiance, salinity and pH could influence the transcriptional level of UpαCA1, indicating that UpαCA1 was sensitive to varying environmental factors. The results of this study provided further insights into our understanding of the influence of environmental factors on carbon fixation in U. prolifera and its subsequent role in the formation of green tides.

“…; Simone & Supuran ; Bhakta et al . ). To date, seven distant families (α, β, γ, δ, ζ, η and θ) of CA isoforms have been discovered in living organisms (Dimario et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Characterization and transcriptional analysis of one carbonic anhydrase gene in the green‐tide‐forming alga Ulva prolifera (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta)

Liu

et al. 2019

Phycological Research

“…the highest known (Zaorska et al 2018 ). It serves to activate salivary carbonic anhydrase (Bhakta et al 2016 ) and in turn to regulate the salivary-gastric recirculation of nitrites/NO (Aamand et al 2009 ). Salivary Carbonic Anhydrase VI (CA-VI) is also known as “gustin”, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of host defences in Covid 19 and treatments thereof

Dattilo¹

2020

Mol Med

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a natural defence against the infections from enveloped RNA viruses and is likely involved also in Covid 19. It was already shown to inhibit growth and pathogenic mechanisms of a variety of enveloped RNA viruses and it was now found that circulating H2S is higher in Covid 19 survivors compared to fatal cases. H2S release is triggered by carbon monoxide (CO) from the catabolism of heme by inducible heme oxygenase (HO-1) and heme proteins possess catalytic activity necessary for the H2S signalling by protein persulfidation. Subjects with a long promoter for the HMOX1 gene, coding for HO-1, are predicted for lower efficiency of this mechanism. SARS-cov-2 exerts ability to attack the heme of hemoglobin and other heme-proteins thus hampering both release and signalling of H2S. Lack of H2S-induced persulfidation of the KATP channels of leucocytes causes adhesion and release of the inflammatory cytokines, lung infiltration and systemic endothelial damage with hyper-coagulability. These events largely explain the sex and age distribution, clinical manifestations and co-morbidities of Covid-19. The understanding of this mechanism may be of guidance in re-evaluating the ongoing therapeutic strategies, with special attention to the interaction with mechanical ventilation, paracetamol and chloroquine use, and in the individuation of genetic traits causing increased susceptibility to the disruption of these physiologic processes and to a critical Covid 19. Finally, an array of therapeutic interventions with the potential to clinically modulate the HO-1/CO/H2S axis is already available or under development. These include CO donors and H2S donors and a boost to the endogenous production of H2S is also possible.

Cloning, Expression Analysis and Enzyme Activity Assays of the α-Carbonic Anhydrase Gene from Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L

Zheng

et al. 2017

Mol Biotechnol

The α-carbonic anhydrase (α-CA) is a zinc ion-containing enzyme that catalyzes the hydration of carbon dioxide. In this paper, a full-length α-CA gene was cloned from Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L using RT-PCR and RACE-PCR for bioinformatic analysis. The α-CA open reading frame obtained by PCR was cloned into a vector and transformed into Escherichia coli to generate α-CA-producing bacteria. The α-CA was highly expressed upon induction with isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactoside (IPTG) at a final concentration of 0.8 mM. A single band with a molecular weight of approximate 40 kDa expressed in the recombinant E. coli strain harboring the α-CA vector was observed in SDS-PAGE analysis. The carbon dioxide hydration activity and esterase activity of α-CA expressed by the recombinant strain were 0.404 U/mg and 0.319 U, respectively. In addition, three conditions, temperature, salinity and UVB radiation exposure, were selected to analyze α-CA transcription levels by qRT-PCR. The results suggested UVB exposure increased the expression of relative mRNA; meanwhile, the α-CA mRNA expression was rapidly induced by temperature and salinity stress, indicating that Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L might modulate the α-CA mRNA expression to adapt to the extreme environments.