Effect of N-application on Sorghum Growth, Striga Infestation and the Osmotic Pressure of the Parasite in Relation to the Host

Gworgwor, N. A.; Weber, Hans Christian

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(11)80607-3

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…and Orobanche spp. (Bebawi 1981;Cechin and Press 1993b;Hezewijk et al 1991;Gworgor and Weber 1991). The response of R. minor was also in accordance with that shown by R. angustifolius attached to L. perenne in the study by De Hulla (1985).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…To form a successful attachment, the parasite must first locate a host root. The morphological characteristics of the host roots, their abundance, and their distribution within the soil profile are, therefore, key factors in the attachment success of the parasite (van Delft et al 1996;Gworgor and Weber 1991). In the current study, root biomass was increased in the high-phosphorus treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Gworgor and Weber (1991) have shown that one of the outcomes of increasing nitrogen supply in the S. hermonthicaSorghum bicolor association is a reduction in the relative sink strength of the parasite. It was suggested that this reduction in the ability of the parasites to compete for host resources could account for the suppression of parasite growth and concomitant increase in host performance at high nitrogen levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

Davies¹,

Graves

2000

Oecologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of phosphorus supply on the outcome of interactions between the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor L. with its host species Lolium perenne L. were investigated in a glasshouse experiment. Host plants were grown in 3-l pots in the presence and absence of R. minor at limiting (0.13 mM P) and optimal (0.65 mM P) concentrations of phosphorus for the growth of the host species. Phosphorus was supplied at 2-day intervals in the form of half-strength Long Ashton nitrate-based solution with phosphorus concentrations adjusted accordingly. Parasitism by R. minor significantly suppressed host growth, with final biomass losses ranging between 32% and 44%. Phosphorus supply had a marked impact on the outcome of the host-parasite interaction. By the end of the growing period, parasite biomass at 0.65 mM P was 90% lower than that achieved at 0.13 mM P. In contrast, host biomass at 0.65 mM P was 74% higher than achieved at 0.13 mM P, indicting that the negative impact of parasitism on the host species was reduced when phosphorus supply was increased. The effects of phosphorus on the host-parasite association appeared to be mediated by changes in both the morphological characteristics of the host roots and the relative sink strengths of the host and parasite.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

Davies¹,

Graves

2000

Oecologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Fertile soils improve the nutrient status of the host plants, allowing the host to maintain a high osmotic potential and enhancing the competitive ability for sap flux versus parasitic demand (Gworgwor & Weber, 1991). Host investment in defence enzyme expression and enzyme levels could be decreased under nutrient limitation (Dietrich et al.…”

Section: Soil Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting strategies for reducing the seedbank of Orobanche and Phelipanche spp.

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Weedy Orobanche and Phelipanche species are important in Southern and Eastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, and have recently been reported in the USA, Australia and some countries in South America. Rather than being controlled, the Orobanche and Phelipanche problem is increasing, both in intensity and in acreage. Large areas of new territory are at risk of invasion, if care is not immediately taken to limit the introduction of parasitic seeds and to educate farmers and others to be alert for new infestations. There is an urgent need to re‐evaluate novel integrated Orobanche and Phelipanche management programmes that will allow a better control of the parasite species and limit their distribution. The main obstacle in the long‐term management of Orobanche and Phelipanche infested fields is the durable seedbank, which may remain viable for decades in the field. Large quantities of long‐lived seeds give the parasite genetic adaptability to changes in host resistance and cultural practices. As long as the seedbank is not controlled, the need to control the parasite will persist whenever a susceptible host is grown in the infested field. We discuss strategies for seedbank reduction, paying particular attention to cultural practices, whereas chemical and biological control methods are covered by other reviews in this issue.

show abstract

“…Certains ont tmis l'hypothkse que l'infestation soit like B une faible fertilitC des sols (Kiriro 1991). Une diminution de l'infestation en S. hermonthica et une augmentation du rendement des cultures ont effectivement Ct C observCes par plusieurs chercheurs en rtponse a I'application d'engrais azotCs et organiques (Last 1960a(Last , 1960bWilliams 1961c;Agabawi et Younis 1965;Bebawi 1981aBebawi , 1987Bebawi et Farah 1981b;Gworgwor et Weber 1991a;Singh et al 1991). I1 existe cependant une certaine controverse B ce sujet, qui semble due a la diversite des formes d'azote appliqukes, des doses utilisCes, des modes d'application et des types de sols cultivCs.…”

Section: Les Pratiques Culturalesunclassified

La relation entre le Striga hermonthica et ses hôtes: une synthèse

Olivier¹

1996

Can. J. Bot.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

R&sumC : La mauvaise herbe parasite Striga hermonthica inflige des pertes de rendement considCrables au mais, au mil et au sorgho en Afrique. L'importance des dommages subis par les cultures est liCe B leur interaction Ctroite avec le parasite. La graine de S. hermonthica germe en rCponse B des stimulants de germination exsudCs par les racines de cCrCales. L'extrCmitC de la radicule se differencie ensuite en un haustorium qui s'attache B une racine de l'hate et pCnbtre ses tissus. Une connexion est alors Ctablie entre les systbmes vasculaires des deux plantes, ce qui permet au parasite de s'approvisionner en eau, en ClCments minCraux et en composCs organiques nkcessaires B son dCveloppement. Le S. hermonthica affecte Cgalement le mCtabolisme et la photosynthkse de son hate. Aucune mCthode de lutte efficace n'est actuellement accessible au paysan africain. L'application de stimulants de germination et d'herbicides, la pratique de rotations et d'associations culturales, la lutte biologique et la sClection de cultivars n'ont donnC jusqu'i maintenant que des rCsultats imparfaits. Une meilleure comprChension des mCcanismes de rCsistance de l'hbte est nCcessaire pour dCvelopper de nouvelles mCthodes de lutte contre le parasite. Abstract:The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica causes considerable yield losses in maize, pearl millet, and sorghum in Africa. The extent of the damage caused to crops is related to their close interaction with the parasite. The S. hermonthica seed germinates in response to germination stimulants exuded by cereal roots. The rootlet extremity then turns into a haustorium that attaches itself to the host root and penetrates its tissue. In this manner, a connection is established between the vascular systems of both plants, allowing absorption of water, minerals, and organic compounds that are essential for the parasite's development. S. hermonthica also affects the host's metabolism and photosynthesis. No effective control method against the parasite is available for the African peasants. The utilization of germination stimulants and herbicides, the rotation practice, and intercropping as well as biological control and varietal selection have given disappointing results so far. A better understanding of host resistance mechanisms is necessary to develop new methods for the control of the parasite.

show abstract

Effect of N-application on Sorghum Growth, Striga Infestation and the Osmotic Pressure of the Parasite in Relation to the Host

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

Revisiting strategies for reducing the seedbank of Orobanche and Phelipanche spp.

La relation entre le Striga hermonthica et ses hôtes: une synthèse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About