Effect of n-3 fatty acids on serum lipid levels and hepatic fatty acid metabolism in BALB/c.KOR-Apoeshl mice deficient in apolipoprotein E expression

Dietary sesamin and docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids synergistically increase the gene expression of enzymes involved in hepatic peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in rats

“…Our previous studies demonstrated that sesamin strongly induces hepatic fatty acid oxidation in rats, presumably through the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a (PPARa) [1][2][3]. It is well demonstrated that fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) also increases hepatic fatty acid oxidation despite the fact that the magnitude of the increase is much weaker with fish oil than with sesamin [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Sesamin at a 0.2% dietary level causes a 4-to 5-fold and 2-to 2.5-fold increase in the peroxisomal and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation rate [1][2][3], respectively, whereas more than a 10% dietary level is required for fish oil to cause similar changes in these parameters [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Comparative Effects of Sesame Seeds Differing in Lignan Contents and Composition on Fatty Acid Oxidation in Rat Liver

“…About 2 g of each liver was homogenized with 15 mL of 0.25 M sucrose containing 1 mM EDTA and 3 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.0 and centrifuged at 12,000 xg for 20 min. The activity of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes was analyzed using whole liver homogenate as an enzyme source 23 . Peroxisomal palmitoyl-CoA oxidation rate KCN-insensitive acyl-CoA-dependent NAD reduction rate and acyl-CoA oxidase activity were measured using palmitoyl-CoA as a substrate.…”

“…3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase activities were measured using acetoacetyl-CoA and 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase activity was analyzed using sorboyl-CoA as substrates, respectively. The activity of enzymes in fatty acid synthesis was measured using a 12,000 xg supernatant fraction as detailed previously 23 .…”

Hypolipidemic Effects of Starch and γ-Oryzanol fromwx/aeDouble-Mutant Rice on BALB/c.KOR-ApoeshlMice

“…17,18) Spontaneously hyperlipidemic (shl) mice developed by inbreeding Japanese wild mice (Mus musculus molossinus) have high concentrations of plasma and hepatic lipids due to disruption of the apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene. 19,20) ApoE is an apolipoprotein present in all lipoproteins, except for low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and is an important ligand for lipoprotein receptors in mammalian tissue. 21) A deficiency of apoE in mice retards triacylglycerol (TAG)-rich lipoprotein clearance and results in an accumulation of remnant-like particles in the bloodstream.…”