Effect of murine exposure to gamma rays on the interplay between Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes

Abstract

Gamma radiation radiotherapy is one of the widely used treatments for cancer. There is an accumulating evidence that adaptive immunity is significantly contributes to the efficacy of radiotherapy. This study is carried out to investigate the effect of gamma rays on the interplay between Th1/Th2 response, splenocyte lymphoproliferative response to polyclonal mitogenic activators and lymphocytic capacity to produce IL-12 and IL-10 in mice. Results showed that exposure of intact spleens to different doses of γ-rays (5, 10, 20 Gy) caused spontaneous and dose-dependent immune stimulation manifested by enhanced cell proliferation and elevated IL-12 production with decreased IL-10 release (i.e., Th1 bias). While exposure of splenocytes suspension to different doses of γ-rays (5, 10, 20 Gy) showed activation in splenocytes stimulated by PWM at 5 Gy then a state of conventional immune suppression that is characterized by being dose-dependent and is manifested by decreased cell proliferation and IL-12 release accompanied by increase in IL-10 production (i.e., Th2 bias). In addition, we investigated the exposure of whole murine bodies to different doses of γ-rays and found that the exposure to low dose γ-rays (0.2 Gy) caused a state of immune stimulation terminated by a remarkable tendency for immune suppression. Exposure to 5 or 10 Gy of γ-rays resulted in a state of immune stimulation (Th1 bias), but exposure to 20 Gy showed a standard state of immune suppression (Th2 bias). The results indicated that apparently we can control the immune response by controlling the dose of γ-rays.

Polydatin alleviated radiation‐induced lung injury through activation of Sirt3 and inhibition of epithelial–mesenchymal transition

“…PD also suppressed upregulation of TGFβ‐Smad3 signalling pathway and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which was reported playing critical roles in lung fibrosis . Irradiation of lung tissues also caused a dysregulation of cytokines, exhibiting upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and shift of Th1/Th2 immunity . Our data showed that PD inhibited radiation‐induced inflammation and Th1/Th2 imbalance.…”

In vitro stimulatory effect of N‐acetyl tryptophan‐glucopyranoside against gamma radiation induced immunosuppression

“…The expression and regulation of IL-12, a pro-inflammatory and Th 1 immune response regulatory cytokine, is directly proportional to IFNg. 5,11,19,21 Irradiated macrophages showed suppression of IL-12 levels at all tested time-points (except 2 hours; Figure 5E). Moreover, previous reports have indicated that dwindling IL-12 levels cause declined stimulation of IFN-g by Th 1 cells.…”

“…Th 1 immune response is aided by IL‐2, IL‐12, TNF‐α, and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) cytokines. While, Th 2 immune response is primarily generated by IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐9, IL‐10, IL‐13, and IL‐17E cytokines …”

“…While, Th 2 immune response is primarily generated by IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-17E cytokines. 5,6 IFN-g and IL-2 cytokines contribute dynamically in the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and NK cells. 7,8 Similarly, IL-17A stimulates secretion of IL-6, G-CSF, GM-CSF, and activates dendritic cells and other immune cells.…”

Effect of Dezocine on the Ratio of Th1/Th2 Cytokines in Patients Receiving Postoperative Analgesia Following Laparoscopic Radical Gastrectomy: A Prospective Randomised Study

“…The Th1/Th2 cytokines equilibrium was evaluated based on the level of IFN-γ/IL-4, from which the Th1/Th2 cytokines ratio was calculated. 18 , 19 The secondary endpoint was the VAS pain scores, which were measured at predetermined intervals (0, 12, 24 and 48 h) after surgery. If the patient-reported VAS score was ≥4, the analgesic pump was first pressed to add drugs, then the patient was re-evaluated after 15 min.…”